战略环评控制温室气体排放的评价思路与指标体系

发布时间：2018-05-27 01:44

本文选题：战略环评 + 温室气体　；参考：《中国人口·资源与环境》2016年S1期

【摘要】：战略环评作为宏观环境管理措施在推动产业转型升级、促进区域污染减排方面发挥重要作用。温室气体排放产生大尺度区域性生态环境问题,需要环境管理制度从战略和区域层面进行控制。通过战略环评控制温室气体排放对于适应当前国内外发展形势具有积极意义,有助于碳减排目标实现,加快转变经济发展方式和推进生态文明建设。由于温室气体环境影响的区域性、长期性和不确定性,不同于常规环境空气污染物,需要超越常规环评预测评估路径,以控制指标为核心建立环境影响评价思路。国际上已有应对气候变化的管理和技术实践,通过设定排放总量和排放绩效指标引导温室气体排放控制。结合国际经验,将温室气体作为特殊"污染物"控制纳入战略环评,建立基于温室气体控制的战略环评评价指标体系的组成可包括绝对排放量、排放强度和控制绩效三类指标。温室气体控制目标的确定,可以参照国家、区域和行业层面关于温室气体控制的政策目标进行划定或分解测算。通过建立科学适用的评价目标和指标体系,为在战略环评中开展温室气体控制扫除技术障碍,也必将为我国全面落实温室气体减排承诺发挥作用。
[Abstract]:As a macro-environmental management measure, strategic environmental assessment (EIA) plays an important role in promoting industrial transformation and upgrading and promoting regional pollution reduction. Greenhouse gas emissions produce large-scale regional eco-environmental problems, which need to be controlled by the environmental management system at the strategic and regional levels. Controlling greenhouse gas emissions through strategic environmental assessment has positive significance to adapt to the current development situation at home and abroad, help to achieve the goal of carbon emission reduction, accelerate the transformation of economic development mode and promote the construction of ecological civilization. Because of the regional, long-term and uncertainty of greenhouse gas environmental impact, which is different from the conventional ambient air pollutants, it is necessary to go beyond the conventional environmental impact assessment prediction and assessment path, and establish the idea of environmental impact assessment with the control index as the core. International management and technical practice to deal with climate change, through the setting of total emissions and emission performance indicators to guide greenhouse gas emissions control. Combined with international experience, the greenhouse gas as a special "pollutant" control is included in the strategic environmental impact assessment. The composition of the evaluation index system based on the greenhouse gas control can include three kinds of indicators: absolute emission, emission intensity and control performance. The determination of greenhouse gas control objectives can be determined by referring to the national, regional and industry policy objectives on greenhouse gas control. By establishing a scientific and applicable evaluation goal and index system, it will play an important role in carrying out greenhouse gas control and removing technical obstacles in strategic environmental impact assessment, and will certainly play an important role in the implementation of greenhouse gas emission reduction commitments in China.
【作者单位】：环境保护部环境发展中心;
【基金】：环境保护公益性行业专项“基于温室气体控制的环境影响评价技术研究”(编号:200909020)
【分类号】：X820;X16

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