污泥微波连续型调理装置的研制与实验研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 04:39

本文选题：污泥 + 微波　；参考：《北京化工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：污泥的产量逐年增加,因含有重金属、病毒和有机污染物,污泥逐渐成为一个严重的环境污染问题。在污泥资源化处理的过程中,高含水率是影响污泥后续处理的一个关键因素,因此污泥的深度脱水对污泥的处理与处置非常重要。微波技术应用于污泥调理是一项能够有效实现污泥深度脱水的方法。在实际的生产过程中污泥是连续产生的,因此对污泥微波连续调理装置的研制与实验研究是必要的。研究中首先对微波技术在污泥调理领域的应用进行了大量的调研,设计了第一代污泥微波连续型调理装置。然后根据前期实验和初步设计改造了实验室原有的设备,应用高频电磁仿真软件(HFSS)对谐振腔进行仿真模拟,分析电场分布情况,设计了圆柱形流道与螺旋形流道,搭建了第二代污泥微波连续型调理实验装置。在不同条件下分别进行间歇型与连续型实验,测定污泥沉降比(Settling Velocity, SV).污泥的粒径、毛细吸水时间(Capillary Suction Time, CS T)与含水率。根据实验结果以及模拟仿真结果设计了第三代污泥微波连续型调理装置并进行了实验。在污泥调理实验的基础上还进行了不同微波条件下的厌氧发酵实验,研究微波对污泥厌氧发酵产气率的影响。模拟结果表明,应用螺旋形流道吸收微波能量比圆柱形流道吸收多了57.93%,谐振腔内电场分布更均匀,易于实现对污泥的均匀作用。污泥调理实验结果表明,微波能够促进污泥脱水特性提高。应用第二代连续型调理装置在低微波功率300-500W的条件下,问歇型实验中污泥含水率低,在功率为300W作用时间为60s的条件下含水率最低值为77.29%：在高功率600～700W的条件下,在相同条件下伺歇型与连续型调理含水率相差不大,但是污泥的粒径偏小。应用第三代微波调理装置进行实验,微波功率为400W时厌氧污泥CST最低值为9.2s,好氧与厌氧污泥的最低含水率分别为83.28%和77.10%。微波功率为500W时,好氧与厌氧污泥CST值最低为12.9s和10.9s,含水率最低为87.18%和79.72%,粒径都随温度的升高而降低。污泥厌氧发酵产期实验结果表明,微波能够有效提升污泥厌氧发酵产氢能力,产气率可达7.967%。本研究为研制连续型污泥调理装置提供了设计与实验基础。
[Abstract]:Sludge production is increasing year by year. Because of heavy metals, viruses and organic pollutants, sludge has become a serious environmental pollution problem. In the process of sludge resource treatment, high moisture content is a key factor to affect the subsequent treatment of sludge, so the deep dewatering of sludge is very important to the treatment and disposal of sludge. The application of microwave technology in sludge conditioning is an effective method to realize deep dewatering of sludge. Sludge is produced continuously in the actual production process, so it is necessary to develop and study the microwave continuous conditioning device of sludge. In the study, the application of microwave technology in sludge conditioning was investigated, and the first generation microwave continuous sludge conditioning device was designed. Then, according to the preliminary experiment and preliminary design, the original equipment of the laboratory is reformed, and the resonant cavity is simulated by the high-frequency electromagnetic simulation software (HFSS), and the distribution of electric field is analyzed, and the cylindrical and spiral flow channels are designed. The second generation sludge microwave continuous conditioning experiment device was built. Batch and continuous experiments were carried out under different conditions to determine the setting velocity ratio of sludge settlement. The size of sludge, capillary Suction Time, CS T) and capillary water content were measured. According to the experimental results and simulation results, a microwave continuous conditioning device for the third generation sludge was designed and experimented. On the basis of sludge conditioning experiments, anaerobic fermentation experiments under different microwave conditions were carried out to study the effect of microwave on the gas production rate of sludge anaerobic fermentation. The simulation results show that the microwave energy absorbed by the spiral channel is 57.93 more than that by the cylindrical channel, the electric field distribution in the resonator is more uniform, and the uniform effect on sludge is easy to be realized. The results of sludge conditioning experiment show that microwave can improve sludge dewatering characteristics. Under the condition of low microwave power 300-500W, the sludge moisture content is low in the second generation continuous conditioning device, and the lowest moisture content is 77.29W under the condition that the power is 300W and the time is 60s: under the condition of high power 600-700W, the sludge moisture content is low in the second generation continuous conditioning device, and in the condition of high power 600-500W, the sludge moisture content is low. Under the same conditions, there is no difference between the water content of continuous conditioning and that of rest type, but the particle size of sludge is small. The third generation microwave conditioning device was used to carry out the experiment. When the microwave power was 400W, the minimum CST value of anaerobic sludge was 9.2 s, and the minimum moisture content of aerobic sludge and anaerobic sludge were 83.28% and 77.1010% respectively. When microwave power was 500W, the CST values of aerobic and anaerobic sludge were 12.9s and 10.9s, the lowest moisture content was 87.18% and 79.72%, and the particle size decreased with the increase of temperature. The results of anaerobic fermentation showed that microwave could effectively enhance the hydrogen production capacity of sludge anaerobic fermentation, and the gas production rate could reach 7.96775. This study provides the design and experimental basis for the development of continuous sludge conditioning device.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703

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