改性热解炭对水体中染料和有机物吸附研究

发布时间：2018-05-29 16:13

本文选题：改性稻壳热解炭(MW-PC) + 孔雀石绿　；参考：《郑州大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国每年有大量的生物质废弃物产生,这些废弃物在进行热解时会产生副产物—热解炭,近年关于热解炭的利用问题成为研究热点。热解炭是一种聚合物,具有较大的比表面积、丰富的孔结构以及含氧官能团,可用作吸附剂去除废水中污染物,这不仅有助于提高废物利用率,同时对改善环境以及提高经济效益都有重要意义。本文以稻壳热解炭(PC)为原料,通过氯化钙浸渍—微波辐射的方法对其进行改性得到改性稻壳热解炭(MW-PC),并以MW-PC为吸附剂对水体中染料(孔雀石绿(MG)、亮绿(LG))和有机物(苯胺、4-氯苯酚)进行吸附研究。通过采用X射线荧光(XRF)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)以及酸碱滴定等方法对PC和MW-PC的表面结构和表面官能团进行分析。结果表明改性后,MW-PC表面的孔隙和碱性官能团都有所增多。通过单因素静态实验,对MW-PC吸附单组份体系中染料MG、LG和有机物苯胺、4-氯苯酚进行研究,探讨了吸附时间、溶液p H值、吸附剂用量、盐浓度以及温度和初始浓度对吸附的影响,并对实验数据进行吸附等温线和动力学模型分析。对MW-PC吸附双组份(MG和苯胺)体系进行了研究。结果如下:(1)MW-PC对单组份体系中MG、LG、苯胺、4-氯苯酚进行吸附研究。MW-PC对MG、LG、苯胺和4-氯苯酚吸附的最佳p H值分别为8.47、3.81、2和2;盐离子的存在对吸附MG和4-氯苯酚有抑制作用,而对苯胺的吸附则是促进的;低浓度的盐(0.06 mol/L)有利于对LG的吸附,高盐度(0.06 mol/L)时对吸附LG有抑制作用。Freundlich吸附等温模型对MG和LG的吸附平衡数据都有较好描述性,MW-PC对苯胺和4-氯苯酚的吸附分别符合Langmuir、Koble-Corrigan、Temkin等温方程和Langmuir、Temkin模型;MW-PC对四种物质的吸附动力学过程符合准二级动力学方程。无水乙醇对吸附饱和MG和苯胺的MW-PC有较好再生效果,0.1 mol/L HNO3可作为LG的再生剂,无水乙醇、H2O以及0.1 mol/L的Na Cl、Ca Cl2、HNO3、Na OH对4-氯苯酚的再生效果皆不明显。(2)MW-PC对MG和苯胺双组分的吸附研究结果:MW-PC对双组份MG和苯胺的总吸附量大于各自在单组份中的吸附量;MW-PC对MG有较强的亲和作用。准二级和准一级动力学模型可分别用来描述MW-PC对混合组分中MG和苯胺的吸附行为以及(MW-PC)-MG对苯胺的吸附行为。综上所述,MW-PC对单组份体系中MG、LG、苯胺和4-氯苯酚都有较好吸附效果,对双组份体系MG和苯胺的吸附效果也较佳,可见,MW-PC可以作为一种高效廉价的吸附剂用于处理废水。
[Abstract]:A large number of biomass wastes are produced every year in China, which produce by-products of pyrolysis carbon. In recent years, the utilization of pyrolytic charcoal has become a hot topic. Carbon is a kind of polymer with large specific surface area, rich pore structure and oxygen containing functional groups, which can be used as adsorbent to remove waste water. Pollutants, which not only help to improve the utilization of waste, but also have important significance to improve the environment and improve the economic benefits. In this paper, the modified rice hull pyrolysis carbon (MW-PC) was modified by the method of calcium chloride impregnation - microwave radiation, and the dye (Peacock) in water (PC) was used as the raw material for the improvement of the environment as well as the economic benefit. The adsorption of green (MG), bright green (LG) and organic compounds (aniline, 4- chlorophenol) was studied. The surface structure and surface functional groups of PC and MW-PC were analyzed by means of X ray fluorescence (XRF), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X ray powder diffraction (XRD) and acid-base titration. The results showed that the pores and pores on the MW-PC surface were modified after modification. A single factor static experiment was carried out to study the adsorption of dye MG, LG, aniline and 4- chlorophenol in the MW-PC adsorption single component system. The effects of adsorption time, P H value, adsorbent amount, salt concentration, temperature and initial concentration on the adsorption were investigated, and the adsorption isotherms and dynamics were carried out on the experimental data. The results are as follows: (1) the adsorption of MG, LG, aniline, 4- chlorophenol in the single component system by the adsorption of MW-PC on the adsorption of MG, LG, aniline and 4- chlorophenol by.MW-PC, the optimal P H values are respectively and 2, and the existence of salt ions has a inhibitory effect on adsorption and chlorophenol. The adsorption of aniline is promoted; low concentration of salt (0.06 mol/L) is beneficial to the adsorption of LG, high salinity (0.06 mol/L) can inhibit the adsorption of LG,.Freundlich adsorption isotherm model for MG and LG adsorption equilibrium data are better descriptive, MW-PC to aniline and 4- chlorophenol, respectively, Langmuir, Koble-Corrigan, Temkin. The isothermal equation and the Langmuir, Temkin model; the adsorption kinetics of the four substances conformed to the quasi two order kinetic equation. The anhydrous ethanol has a better regeneration effect on the adsorption of the MW-PC of the saturated MG and the aniline, and the 0.1 mol/L HNO3 can be used as the regenerative agent for LG, the absolute ethanol, H2O and the Na Cl of the 0.1 mol/L. The results are not obvious. (2) the adsorption of MG and aniline components by MW-PC: the total adsorption of MW-PC on two components MG and aniline is greater than that of each group in the single component; MW-PC has a strong affinity for MG. The quasi two and quasi first order kinetic models can be used to describe the adsorption behavior of MG and aniline in the mixed components by MW-PC, respectively. And (MW-PC) -MG adsorption behavior to aniline. To sum up, MW-PC has good adsorption effect on MG, LG, aniline and 4- chlorophenol in the single component system, and the adsorption effect of MG and aniline is better in the dual component system. It can be seen that MW-PC can be used as a kind of efficient and cheap adsorbent for treating wastewater.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：O647.3;X703

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