高压细水雾除尘的研究

发布时间：2018-05-30 07:00

  本文选题：微细粉尘 + 高压水雾　； 参考：《武汉工程大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着我国工业飞速发展,越来越多的工业废气与汽车尾气被产生并排放到大气中,这些导致了大气的严重污染。其中粉尘污染为大气污染中较为种的部分。粉尘污染在我国非常严重,人们迫切需要一种能够有效净化空气中悬浮粉尘颗粒的方案。在对粉尘污染进行沉降中,较难以去除的是微细粉尘(PM2.5),这种粉尘由于粒径小、重量轻,可以长期悬浮于空气中,并且很难被人工捕捉沉降。对此,人们做了大量研究,同时也提出了很多降尘方案。本问研究课题在前人研究理论的基础上,提出采用高压细水雾除尘的方案。与传统水雾除尘相比,课题方案由于采用高压,可以使水雾荷电,荷电后的水雾对微细粉尘有更强的捕捉能力;并且在高压下,水雾水粒直径会更加小,这对微细粉尘的捕捉有积极作用。本研究课题将从以下几个方面对课题展开研究并得出结论:深入阐述大气的严重污染程度,以及其对人体的危害来突出本课题对人类产生的积极作用。重点分析水压与除尘效率之间的关系。首先通过研究水粒破碎数、水粒最终破碎直径、水雾出射速度与喷雾水压的关系,说明水压对设备的微细粉尘捕捉效率影响;再通过FLUENT验证喷雾水压与水雾出射速度的关系;通过分析水雾水粒直径与粉尘颗粒直径的大小对去除微细粉尘的影响,得出最佳除尘水压;最后解释了高压水雾的凝结与静电作用,并且说明高压水雾除尘的优点。充分验证了设备采用高压的必要性,为设备方案的选择奠定坚实基础。分析水雾除尘机理,阐明水雾水粒在除尘过程中的作用,理论验证高压水雾除尘在理论上的可行性,为课题提供理论支持。设计设备结构,理清设备除尘过程;对设备各组成件进行分析,通过计算,选择合适水泵与电机,并且选择合适配件类型。对不同喷嘴孔径与水压下的除尘效率展开实验,验证上述各项的正确性,检验设备除尘效率是否达到设计要求达到国家《环境空气质量标准》要求(日均浓度≤753?mg);对实验结果进行分析,提出设备的改进方案,为设备的改进做好准备。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of industry in China, more and more industrial exhaust gas and automobile exhaust gas are produced and put into the atmosphere side by side, which leads to serious air pollution. Dust pollution is the part of air pollution. Dust pollution is very serious in China. In the deposition of dust pollution, it is more difficult to remove the fine dust (PM 2.5), which can be suspended in the air for a long time because of its small particle size and light weight, and is difficult to be captured and deposited manually. In this regard, people have done a lot of research, but also put forward a lot of dust control programs. On the basis of previous theories, a scheme of high pressure water mist dust removal is put forward in this paper. Compared with the traditional water mist dust removal, the project can make water mist charged by high pressure, the water mist after charging has stronger capture ability to fine dust, and under high pressure, the diameter of water mist water particle will be smaller. This has a positive effect on the capture of fine dust. This research will be carried out from the following aspects and draw a conclusion: the degree of serious atmospheric pollution and its harm to the human body to highlight the positive role of this topic to human beings. The relationship between water pressure and dust removal efficiency is analyzed. Firstly, by studying the relationship between water particle breaking number, water particle final crushing diameter, water mist ejection velocity and spray water pressure, the effect of water pressure on fine dust capture efficiency of equipment is explained, and the relationship between spray water pressure and water mist ejection velocity is verified by FLUENT. By analyzing the influence of water mist diameter and dust particle diameter on the removal of fine dust, the optimum water pressure of dust removal is obtained, and the condensation and electrostatic action of high pressure water mist are explained, and the advantages of high pressure water mist dust removal are explained. It fully verifies the necessity of using high voltage, and lays a solid foundation for the selection of equipment scheme. The mechanism of water mist dust removal is analyzed and the role of water mist particles in the process of dust collection is clarified. The theoretical feasibility of high pressure water mist dust removal is verified theoretically and the theoretical support is provided for the subject. Design the structure of the equipment, clear the dust removal process of the equipment, analyze the components of the equipment, select the appropriate pump and motor through calculation, and select the appropriate type of accessories. Experiments on dust removal efficiency under different nozzle orifices and water pressure have been carried out to verify the correctness of the above mentioned items. To test whether the dedusting efficiency of the equipment meets the design requirements (daily average concentration 鈮，

本文编号：1954385