腈纶废水生物脱氮影响因素的实验研究

发布时间：2018-05-30 09:42

本文选题：腈纶废水 + 生物脱氮　；参考：《兰州交通大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：腈纶废水是在高分子材料生产废水、有毒废水及高氨氮废水处理中具有典型性的高浓度难降解有机废水,具有有机污染物浓度高、聚合物粉末和低聚物难生物降解、水质成分复杂且波动大、含有毒性很大氰化物、废水中的含氮物质在处理过程中会分解产生高浓度氨氮等特点,如何高效降解腈纶废水中的有机物和氨氮并使其达标排放已成为环保学者注重的难题,故研究腈纶废水生物脱氮影响因素、提高脱氮效率具有十分重要的现实意义。本论文研究对象为吉林化纤集团生产的腈纶废水,结合微生物固定化作用,采用SBBR处理工艺,通过小试实验分别考察HRT、DO、温度、碱度、磷浓度、C/N值、运行方式以及进水COD负荷等因素对生物脱氮的影响,得出不同运行条件对出水水质的影响以及生化系统中有机物和氮化合物的降解规律,确定出处理腈纶废水的最佳运行工况,并结合厂内实际运行情况,对腈纶废水与黏胶废水的混合废水处理进行研究,揭示了废水耦合处理在充分利用碳源方面的处理优势,为实际废水的综合处理提供了技术参考。研究主要得出以下结论:(1)腈纶废水生物脱氮影响因素研究小试实验中,通过SBBR反应器,采用静态单因素影响实验得出:在HRT为48h,DO为2-4mg/L,投加磷溶液2mg/L,加碳酸氢钠0.4g/L,温度25℃的最佳条件下,进水COD和氨氮浓度分别为625~1232 mg/L和85~140mg/L的范围内,出水浓度分别为280mg/L和5mg/L以下,硝酸盐氮浓度52.41mg/L,亚硝酸盐氮0.14 mg/L,总氮89.49 mg/L,BOD可降为0。(2)腈纶废水生物脱氮机理研究实验中,通过测定分析各指标周期降解曲线得出:①在HRT为48h的一个周期内,大部分有机物在3h内即可被吸附降解,期间氨化过程会产生部分氨氮,30h左右有机物达到降解平衡浓度,待大部分COD基本降解完成后(6h左右)硝化反应迅速,氨氮开始降解,30h左右基本降解完成;在此过程中,亚硝酸盐氮积累,后随着亚硝化作用的进行而迅速降解,硝化与亚硝化过程中,硝酸盐氮浓度持续上升,30h后反硝化作用明显,硝酸盐氮与总氮进一步降解,一周期内生物降解完成。HRT增大到72h后,系统脱氮效果变差。②HRT48h条件下,DO=2-4mg/L,投加磷溶液2mg/L,加碳酸氢钠0.4g/L,温度25℃的条件下,反应器内溶解氧浓度、营养物质以及碱度和温度均能保证系统发生较好的同步硝化与反硝化现象。③HRT48h试验条件下COD降解过程服从一级反应动力学关系式,通过计算求得,当进水COD浓度为696.4mg/L,HRT为48h的条件下,腈纶废水难降解有机物浓度为245mg/L。(3)腈纶废水进水浓度研究中,通过比较不同稀释比例的腈纶废水出水效果得出,当进水COD负荷为400~500mg/时,COD吸附量达到极限,且该浓度范围下具有较好的硝化、脱氮效果,出水COD去除率57.2%,氨氮去除率95.83%,总氮去除率9.4%,BOD可降为0。(4)腈纶废水与黏胶废水耦合实验中,通过对比混合废水在不同条件下的出水效果得出:耦合处理两种废水要比单独处理效果好,当耦合比例为1:2时,各指标单位去除量最大,该条件下出水COD浓度为171mg/L,氨氮浓度为2.4mg/L。结合工程实际,在二者混合比为1:3的情况下,反应器在HRT 48h好氧、HRT 24h好氧或HRT 48h(A24h/O24h)三种运行方式下均能使耦合出水COD60 mg/L,氨氮10 mg/L。
[Abstract]:Acrylic wastewater is a typical high concentration and refractory organic wastewater in the treatment of high polymer wastewater, toxic waste water and high ammonia nitrogen waste water. It has high concentration of organic pollutants, polymer powder and oligomer difficult to biodegrade. The composition of water quality is complex and volatile, which contains toxic cyanide, and the nitrogen containing substance in the wastewater is in the place. It will decompose the high concentration of ammonia and nitrogen in the process. How to efficiently degrade the organic matter and ammonia nitrogen in the acrylic wastewater and make it discharge the standard has become a difficult problem for the environmental protection scholars. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the influence factors of biological denitrification in acrylic wastewater and improve the efficiency of denitrification. The object of this paper is Jilin chemical fiber. The acrylic fiber wastewater produced by the group is combined with microorganism immobilization, and the SBBR treatment process is used. The effects of HRT, DO, temperature, alkalinity, phosphorus concentration, C/N value, operation mode and COD load on the biological denitrification are investigated by small test experiments. The effects of different operating conditions on the effluent quality and the organic matter in the biochemical system and the organic matter in the biochemical system are obtained. The degradation law of nitrogen compounds, the optimum operating conditions for the treatment of acrylic fiber wastewater, and the research on the treatment of mixed wastewater from the acrylic fiber wastewater and viscose wastewater combined with the actual operating conditions in the plant were studied. The advantages of the treatment of the wastewater coupled treatment in the full utilization of carbon source were revealed, and the technical reference for the comprehensive treatment of the wastewater was provided. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) in the study of the influence factors of biological denitrification in acrylic wastewater, through the SBBR reactor, the static single factor influence experiments have been carried out. The results are as follows: HRT is 48h, DO is 2-4mg/L, phosphorus solution 2mg/L, sodium bicarbonate 0.4g/L, temperature 25 C, and the concentration of COD and NH3 is 625~1232 mg/L, respectively. In the range of 85~140mg/L and 85~140mg/L, the effluent concentration is below 280mg/L and 5mg/L, nitrate nitrogen concentration is 52.41mg/L, nitrite nitrogen is 0.14 mg/L, total nitrogen is 89.49 mg/L, BOD can be reduced to 0. (2) biological denitrification mechanism of acrylic wastewater. Through determination and analysis of the cycle reduction curve of each index: (1) in a period of HRT as 48H Organic matter can be adsorbed and degraded in 3H. During the ammonification process, a partial ammonia nitrogen is produced and the organic matter of about 30h reaches the equilibrium concentration. After most of the basic degradation of COD (about 6h), the nitrification reaction is rapid, the ammonia nitrogen begins to degrade, and the basic degradation is done around 30h; in this process, nitrite nitrogen accumulates and then nitrification. In the process of rapid degradation, the concentration of nitrate nitrogen continued to rise in the process of nitrification and nitrosation. After 30h, the denitrification was obvious, the nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen were further degraded. The nitrogen removal efficiency of the system was worse when the biodegradation was increased to 72h in a period of time. (2) HRT48h, DO=2-4mg/L, 2mg/L, 0.4g/L, and temperature of sodium bicarbonate. Under the condition of 25 degrees C, the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the reactor, the nutrients and the alkalinity and temperature can ensure the better synchronous nitrification and denitrification. (3) under the HRT48h test, the COD degradation process obeys the first order reaction kinetic formula and obtained by calculation, when the concentration of COD is 696.4mg/L and HRT is 48h, the nitrile can be obtained. In the study of 245mg/L. (3) acrylic wastewater influent concentration in the wastewater, the effect of different dilution ratio on the effluent of acrylic wastewater was compared. When the load of COD was 400~500mg/, the COD adsorption capacity reached the limit, and the effect of nitrification, denitrification, the removal rate of COD and the removal of ammonia nitrogen were better under the concentration range. The ratio of the total nitrogen removal rate is 95.83%, and the total nitrogen removal rate is 9.4%. BOD can be reduced to 0. (4) in the coupling experiment of acrylic wastewater and viscose wastewater. By comparing the effluent effect of mixed wastewater under different conditions, it is found that the coupling treatment of two kinds of wastewater is better than that of the separate treatment. When the coupling ratio is 1:2, the removal of each index unit is the largest, and the COD concentration of the effluent is 171mg/L under this condition. When the concentration of ammonia nitrogen is 2.4mg/L. binding engineering, in the case of two mixing ratio of 1:3, the reactor can make the coupling effluent COD60 mg/L, ammonia nitrogen 10 mg/L. under the three operating modes of HRT 48h aerobic, HRT 24h aerobic or HRT 48h (A24h/O24h).
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X783.4

【参考文献】