哈尔滨市大气颗粒物污染特征分析

发布时间：2018-05-31 19:30

  本文选题：大气污染 + 颗粒物　； 参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,由于我国经济飞速发展、城市扩张,大气污染问题突显。哈尔滨市是黑龙江省省会,已于2013年1月1日全面实施新修订的《环境空气质量标准》(GB3095-2012),并将PM2.5、PM10监测结果每小时发布一次。将哈尔滨市作为研究对象,以哈尔滨市大气自动监测站监测数据为基础,分析哈尔滨市大气颗粒物PM2.5、PM10的季节性、区域性差异及PM2.5与PM10、SO2、NO2、O3、CO和气温的相关性。研究结果表明:哈尔滨市颗粒物污染区域差异特征明显,污染程度与季节变化有关,采暖期污染物浓度明显高于非采暖期。PM2.5与大气污染物SO2、NO2、O3、CO的相关性存在差异,PM2.5与NO2、CO冬季相关性优于夏季,PM2.5与SO2夏季相关性不明显,PM2.5与O3几乎无相关性。PM2.5与温度存在相关性。选择岭北、宏伟公园、和平路及学府路为代表性监测点,手工采集PM2.5、PM10样品,对所采集样品中的16种多环芳烃进行测定,研究结果表明:哈尔滨市细颗粒物PM2.5中∑PAHs污染浓度水平为12.4~143ng/m3;PM10中∑PAHs污染浓度水平为17.7~161ng/m3;其中苯并[a]芘的年平均浓度为5.42ng/m3,超出国家标准。针对多环芳烃的致癌毒性,本研究分析了PM2.5、PM10中多环芳烃的环数分布特征,分析发现颗粒物中所富集的致癌性多环芳烃比重较大。哈尔滨市PM2.5中多环芳烃的时空分布特征为:道里区背景点(岭北)南岗区(学府路)≈香坊区(和平路)道外区(宏伟公园),各点位冬季污染物浓度最高,夏季最低。通过比值法定性分析PM2.5中PAHs来源,发现PM2.5中PAHs污染源春夏季以交通源为主,秋季来自交通、燃煤复合源,冬季以燃煤源为主。运用化学质量平衡模型(CMB)软件定量分析PM2.5中多环芳烃来源,得出哈尔滨市PM2.5中多环芳烃的污染源主要以燃煤源为主,煤烟污染所占比例较大。
[Abstract]:In recent years, due to the rapid development of our economy, urban expansion, the problem of air pollution is prominent. Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang Province, has implemented the newly revised Environmental Air quality Standard (GB3095-2012) on January 1, 2013. The results of PM2.5 / PM10 monitoring are published every hour. Based on the monitoring data of Harbin atmospheric automatic monitoring station, the seasonal and regional differences of PM2.5 and PM10 and the correlation between PM2.5 and air temperature were analyzed. The results show that the characteristics of the pollution in Harbin are obvious, and the pollution degree is related to the seasonal variation. The correlation between PM2.5 and CO in winter is better than that between PM2.5 and SO2 in summer. There is almost no correlation between PM2.5 and O3 in summer. PM2.5 has almost no correlation with temperature. Selected Lingbei, Hongwei Park, Heping Road and Xuefu Road as representative monitoring points, PM2.5 and PM10 samples were collected by hand, and 16 kinds of PAHs in the samples were determined. The results show that the 鈭，

本文编号：1961015