我国城市生活垃圾分类管理制度研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 13:36

本文选题：城市生活垃圾 + 分类管理　；参考：《苏州大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国经济发展迅速,城市化进程加快,伴随着城市规模扩大、人民生活水平提高,“垃圾围城”已成为我国大中城市面临的严峻问题。如何对垃圾进行管理,寻找一条可持续发展的路径成为政府和民众关注的焦点。本文拟对城市生活垃圾分类管理的各个环节现状进行分析,在借鉴已有城市专门立法和国外立法经验的基础上,对我国城市生活垃圾分类管理制度的完善提出合理性建议。本文共分为四大部分:第一部分介绍了城市生活垃圾分类管理的基本原理。分析了城市生活垃圾分类管理的定义、意义、我国分类管理制度的演变及指导原则。通过分析可看出,对城市生活垃圾实行分类管理是循环经济、可持续发展的必然要求,垃圾减量化、资源化和无害化的重要途径,可解决垃圾处理之窘境,可解决“垃圾围城”之困。第二部分介绍了我国城市生活垃圾分类投放环节。生活垃圾源头分类投放是垃圾分类有效管理的关键前提,本部分通过梳理垃圾分类投放执行中的困境,借鉴国外经验、国内推广试点,提出生活垃圾定时定点投放制度、垃圾计量收费等保障机制。第三部分通过对我国城市生活垃圾分类收集、运输的法律规制梳理,发现在分类收运环节中立法的缺位,混合收运严重。为了有效实现生活垃圾分类收运,提出分类收运的保障机制,主要包括垃圾分类管理责任人制度、台账制度、应急预案制度。第四部分通过对我国城市生活垃圾分类处理环节相关内容的梳理,主要分析了在此环节中存在的“邻避”现象与垃圾产业化之路的困境,提出明确政府、企业、公众三类主体的权利与义务是上述问题的解决路径,从政府准确定位、强化企业责任、完善公正参与的三方面提出了合理性建议。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of economy and the acceleration of urbanization, with the expansion of city scale and the improvement of people's living standard, "garbage besieging" has become a severe problem faced by large and medium-sized cities in our country. How to manage garbage and find a sustainable development path has become the focus of government and people. This paper analyzes the current situation of classified management of municipal solid waste (MSW). Based on the experience of special legislation and foreign legislation, the paper puts forward some reasonable suggestions for the improvement of classified management system of municipal solid waste (MSW) in China. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part introduces the basic principle of municipal solid waste classified management. This paper analyzes the definition and significance of classified management of municipal solid waste, the evolution and guiding principles of classified management system in China. It can be seen from the analysis that the classified management of municipal solid waste is the inevitable requirement of circular economy and sustainable development, and the important ways of waste reduction, resource utilization and innocuity can solve the dilemma of waste disposal. Can solve the "garbage siege" difficulties. The second part introduces the classification and delivery of municipal solid waste in China. Classification and release of domestic garbage source is the key premise for effective management of waste classification. This part puts forward the system of fixed and fixed time delivery of domestic refuse by combing the difficulties in the implementation of classifying and dropping garbage, drawing lessons from foreign experience and popularizing the pilot project at home. Garbage metering and charging guarantee mechanism. In the third part, by sorting the collection of municipal solid waste and the legal regulation of transportation, the author finds that the legislation is absent in the process of classified collection and transportation, and the mixed collection is serious. In order to effectively realize the classified collection and transportation of domestic waste, this paper puts forward the safeguard mechanism of classified collection and transportation, which mainly includes the system of responsible person for classified management of garbage, the system of ledger, and the system of emergency plan. The fourth part analyzes the phenomenon of "adjacent avoidance" and the dilemma of garbage industrialization by combing the related contents of the classification and disposal of municipal solid waste in China, and puts forward a clear definition of the government and enterprises. The rights and obligations of three kinds of public subjects are the ways to solve the above problems. The rational suggestions are put forward from the three aspects of the government's accurate orientation, the strengthening of enterprise responsibility and the perfection of fair participation.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X799.3

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