以浮游生物完整性指数评价长江上游干流宜宾至江津段河流健康度

发布时间：2018-06-08 04:57

本文选题：长江上游干流 + 河流健康　；参考：《西南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：2013年11月至2014年11月对长江上游干流宜宾至江津段5个样点的浮游生物进行了四次调查,通过对种类组成,密度,生物量等指标的分析,并采用Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou指数、Margale f旨数对该江段的水质进行了评价。选用箱线图法、Pearson相关性分析等方法,筛选了适合用于构建长江上游浮游植物完整性(Phytoplankton Index of Biotic Integrity, P-IBI)的评价指标与标准、浮游动物完整性(Zooplankton Index of Biotic Integrity, Z-IBI)评价指标与标准,并对该江段的河流健康度进行了评价。研究得出以下结果：1.在调查范围内共鉴定出浮游植物6门38属95种,其中蓝藻门2属2种,裸藻门1属2种,甲藻门2属2种,隐藻门1属4种,绿藻门10属18种,占藻类总种数的19%,硅藻门22属67种,占藻类总种数的71%。浮游植物数量全年均值为30.39×104ind/L,四次采样所有采样点浮游植物平均生物量为0.158mg/L。五个采样点浮游植物Shannon-Wiener指数在1.994.32之间；Pielou旨数在0.430.91之间；Margalef指数在2.524.40之间。多数采样点处于轻污染或无污染状态,只有少数采样点处于中污染。在调查范围内共鉴定出浮游动物共31种,其中轮虫种类最多占浮游动物总数的65%。枝角类占浮游动物总数的19%。所调查采样点的浮游动物数量均值为7.4个/L,四次采样所有采样点浮游动物平均生物量为00159mg/L。五个采样点浮游动物Shannon-Wiener指数全年在0.94—3.03之间；Pielou旨数在0.28—0.95之间；Margalef指数在0.95—2.22之间。与浮游植物调查结果相同,多数采样点处于轻污染或无污染状态,少数采样点处于中污染。2.适合长江上游的P-IBI指标体系,由生物多样性指数、种类多样性指数、浮游植物密度、均匀度指数、硅藻密度百分比等构成。3分法评价结果显示,1月份高庄桥采样点、白沙采样点评价为健康,羊石采样点评价为亚健康,江安采样点、德感采样点评价为一般；4月份除江安采样点、德感采样点评价为一般,其余采样点评价皆为健康；6月份高庄桥采样点、江安采样点评价为亚健康,其余采样点评价皆为健康；11月除江安采样点评价亚健康外,其余采样点均评价为健康。4分法评价结果显示,1月江安采样点、德感采样点评价为一般；4月江安采样点、白沙采样点、德感采样点评价为亚健康；6月、11月所有采样点评价皆为健康。比值法评价结果显示,1月江安采样点、德感采样点评价为一般；4月江安采样点、白沙采样点、德感采样点评价为亚健康；6月高庄桥采样点评价为亚健康;11月江安采样点评价为亚健康,其余采样点评价皆为健康。3.适合长江上游的Z-IBI指标体系,由均匀度指数、浮游动物物种多样性、浮游动物种类多样性、浮游植物浮游动物密度百分比等构成。3分法评价结果显示,1月份所有采样点评价均为健康；4月份除高庄桥采样点、德感采样点评价为亚健康,其余采样点评价皆为健康；6月份高庄桥采样点评价为极差、江安采样点评价为亚健康,其余采样点评价皆为健康；11月除江安采样点评价健康外,羊石采样点评价为一般,其余采样点评价为亚健康。4分法评价结果显示,1月和4月所有采样点评价均为健康；6月高庄桥采样点评价为较差,其余采样点评价为健康；11月除羊石采样点评价为亚健康外,其余采样点均评价为健康。比值法评价结果显示,1月所有采样点评价均为健康；4月高庄桥采样点、德感采样点评价为亚健康,其余采样点评价为健康；6月高庄桥采样点评价为较差,江安采样点评价为亚健康；11月除江安采样点和白沙采样点评价为健康外,其余采样点评价皆为亚健康。综合分析发现,高庄桥采样点、江安采样点为健康,羊石采样点,白沙采样点、德感采样点处于健康到亚健康过渡阶段,从上游到下游的健康状况逐渐下降。
[Abstract]:From November 2013 to November 2014, four investigations were carried out on plankton in 5 samples of the Yibin to Jiangjin section of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Through the analysis of the species composition, density, biomass and other indexes, the water quality of the river section was evaluated by Shannon-Wiener, Pielou index and Margale f. The evaluation index and standard suitable for the construction of Phytoplankton Index of Biotic Integrity (P-IBI) in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, the evaluation index and standard of the integrity of zooplankton (Zooplankton Index of Biotic Integrity, Z-IBI), were screened, and the river health of the river section was evaluated. The following results are as follows: 1. there are 95 species of phytoplankton and 38 genera, including 2 species of cyanobacteria, 1 genera, 2 species, 2 species of alga gate, 2 species of alga gate, 1 genera of cryptoalgae and 38 species of green algae, which account for the total number of algae. The average phytoplankton biomass of all sampling points at all sampling points is 0.158mg/L. five points of phytoplankton Shannon-Wiener index between 1.994.32; Pielou aims at 0.430.91; Margalef index is between 2.524.40. Most sampling points are in light pollution or pollution-free state, only a few sampling points are in medium pollution. Within the scope of investigation A total of 31 species of zooplankton were identified, among which the species of rotifer accounted for the largest number of zooplankton and 65%. dendrite accounted for the total number of zooplankton. The average number of zooplankton in the sampling point was 7.4 /L, and the average biomass of zooplankton at all sampling points was 00159mg/L. five sampling points of zooplankton Shannon-Wiener index throughout the year. Between 0.94 and 3.03, the number of Pielou is between 0.28 and 0.95; the Margalef index is between 0.95 and 2.22. Similar to the phytoplankton survey results, most of the sampling points are in light pollution or pollution-free state, and a few sampling points are in the medium pollution.2. suitable for the P-IBI index system in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, from the biodiversity index, the species diversity index, and the index. The results of.3 score evaluation of plant density, evenness index and diatom density percentage showed that the sampling point of Baisha sampling point was healthy in January, and the sampling point of sheep Stone was evaluated as subhealth, the sampling point of Jiang'an sampling, and the evaluation of virtue sampling point was general. In April, the sampling points of the German sampling point were generally evaluated as general and the other samples were sampled. The point evaluation was healthy. In June, the sample point of Jiang'an sampling point was evaluated as subhealth, and the other sampling points were all healthy. In November, the evaluation results of the other sampling points were shown by the health.4 score evaluation, except for the sub sampling points of Jiang'an sampling point in November. In January, the sampling point of Jiang'an sampling was general, and the sampling point of Jiang'an in April was white. In June, all sampling points in November were all healthy. In June, the evaluation of all sampling points in November was healthy. The ratio method evaluation showed that in January, the sampling point of Jiang'an sampling point was general; in April Jiang'an sampling point, Baisha sampling point, virtue sampling point evaluation was subhealth; June high Zhuang bridge sampling point evaluation was sub health; November Jiang'an in November. The sampling points were evaluated as subhealth, and the other sampling points were evaluated by the health.3. suitable for the Z-IBI index system in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. The uniformity index, zooplankton species diversity, zooplankton species diversity, phytoplankton density percentage, etc. were evaluated by.3 score, and all the samples were evaluated for health in January, 4 With the exception of Gao Zhuang Qiao sampling point, Germany sense sampling point was evaluated as subhealth, and the evaluation of other sampling points were all healthy. In June, the evaluation of Gao Zhuang Qiao sampling point was very poor. The evaluation of Jiang'an sampling point was subhealth, and the evaluation of other sampling points were all healthy. In November, besides the health of Jiang'an sampling point evaluation, the evaluation of sheep Stone sampling point was general, and the other sampling points were evaluated. The evaluation results of the sub health.4 score showed that all the sampling points were evaluated in January and April. The evaluation of the sampling points of the high Zhuang bridge in June was poor and the other sampling points were evaluated as health. In November, the other sampling points were evaluated as health except for the sub health of the sheep Stone sampling point in November. The evaluation results of the ratio method in January were all evaluated in January. Health; in April at the Gao Zhuang bridge sampling point, the virtue sampling point was evaluated as subhealth, the other sampling points were evaluated as health; the evaluation of the sampling points of the Gao Zhuang bridge was poor in June, the evaluation of the Jiang'an sampling point was subhealth; in November, the evaluation of the sampling points and the Baisha sampling points was healthy, and the other sampling points were all subhealth. The comprehensive analysis found that Gao Zhuang bridge was found. Sampling point, Jiang'an sampling point is healthy, sheep Stone sampling point, white sand sampling point, and the sense sampling point is in the transition stage of health to subhealth, and the health condition from upstream to downstream gradually decreases.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X824;Q179.1

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