环境治理政策工具比较和选择——以北京PM2.5治理为例

发布时间：2018-06-08 10:59

本文选题：PM.治理 + 政策工具　；参考：《中国行政管理》2016年08期

【摘要】：在我国经济社会快速发展和城镇化进程加速的同时,环境污染的治理尤其是PM2.5治理已经成为城市发展面临的重大问题。首都北京作为受雾霾影响较为严重的城市之一,通过运用经济激励型、命令—控制型、公众参与型三种政策工具,实施了一系列PM2.5治理的具体措施,但成效并不显著。为探究原因,本文从效益、效率和可接受性三个维度,选取八项指标,运用层次分析法对不同环境政策工具进行评价和检验,结果表明经济激励型环境政策工具效果最佳。建议北京市在未来PM2.5治理中,减小命令—控制型政策工具所带来的经济和社会成本,加快完善以经济激励型政策为主的政策工具结构,进一步细化经济激励型政策工具以实现不同利益主体的"激励相容",积极拓展公众参与型政策工具以提高社会资本影响力,同时要加强多种治理政策工具的组合与创新。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and society and the acceleration of urbanization in China, the treatment of environmental pollution, especially PM2.5, has become a major problem in urban development. As one of the cities seriously affected by smog, Beijing has implemented a series of concrete measures of PM2.5 through the use of three kinds of policy tools: economic incentive, command-control and public participation, but the results are not significant. In order to explore the reasons, this paper selects eight indicators from the three dimensions of efficiency, efficiency and acceptability, and evaluates and tests different environmental policy tools by AHP. The results show that the economic incentive environmental policy tools have the best effect. It is suggested that in the future PM2.5 governance, Beijing should reduce the economic and social costs brought by command-and-control policy tools, and speed up the improvement of the structure of policy instruments based on economic incentives. We should further refine the economic incentive policy tools to realize the "incentive compatibility" of different stakeholders, actively expand the public participation policy tools to enhance the influence of social capital, and at the same time, strengthen the combination and innovation of various governance policy tools.
【作者单位】：中央财经大学政府管理学院;
【分类号】：X513;D63

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