以养殖固体废弃物发酵产物为碳源的SND系统的脱氮除磷效果研究

发布时间：2018-06-17 11:18

本文选题：养殖固体废弃物 + 碳源　；参考：《上海海洋大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：以养殖固体废弃物发酵产物为碳源的反硝化脱氮研究受到越来越多的研究者的关注。养殖固体废弃物来源于饲料,其中含有大量可生化降解的物质,固体废弃物通过水解释放的化学需氧量约占饲料的39%~44%,将水解释放的产物用作反硝化的碳源,发现脱氮效果显著,既能达到净化水产养殖水环境,还可以实现废弃物的资源化。然而,养殖固体废弃物水解释放有机物的同时约有51%的氮和64%的磷成为废物,其中51%的氮主要是以氨氮的形式存在,相关学者的研究结果表明产生氨氮的含量约为产生COD含量的11%。尽管养殖固体废弃物发酵产物能为异养反硝化提供充足的碳源,但同时会带来大量的有害副产物氮和磷。因此,如何有效利用废弃物,成为本试验的研究重点。同步硝化反硝化(simultaneous nitrification and denitrification,SND)作用是使在污泥外部好氧区形成的NOx-,通过内层缺氧区反硝化作用降低从而减少主体溶液中NOx-(NO2-+NO3-)的积累;有研究发现,颗粒污泥一定的粒径和紧密结构会导致DO在污泥内部传质时形成好氧区/缺氧区/厌氧区从而有利于系统的同步脱氮除磷。本试验利用同步硝化反硝化颗粒污泥,以养殖固体废弃物水解产物为碳源对养殖废水进行脱氮除磷,通过测定TAN、NO3-N、NO2-N、TP等水质指标,观察活性污泥各个时期硝化作用、反硝化作用的效果,判断反应器是否稳定,反应效果是否理想,旨在达到净化水产养殖水环境,实现废弃物的资源化利用。实验主要分为以下三个部分:1.养殖固体废弃物发酵产物为碳源对养殖废水SND脱氮除磷的初步研究本实验的接种污泥是来自污水处理厂厌氧工艺阶段的活性污泥,旨在提高养殖废水处理效果,探索以养殖固体废弃物水解产物为碳源的养殖废水脱氮除磷的效果,减少固体废弃物水解所带来的有害副产物,为以养殖固体废弃物水解产物为碳源对养殖废水的脱氮除磷的进一步研究提供理论参考。采用连续低曝气量的序批式反应器(SBR)处理装置,通过人工模拟养殖废水驯化同步硝化反硝化(Simultaneous Nitrification and Denitrification,SND)脱氮污泥,以养殖固体废弃物为碳源的养殖废水脱氮除磷。在水力停留时间(Hydraulic Retention Time,HRT)为12 h,溶氧(Dissolve Oxygen,DO)浓度为2.5 mg/L左右的条件下,有机物(COD)、NH4+-N、NO3--N和溶解性总氮(TDN)的去除率分别为76.5%、60.7%、76.6%、65.6%;在脱氮的同时发现反应器具有良好的除磷能力,养殖废水中溶解性总磷(TDP)去除率达到68.5%,表明利用该反应装置,能为养殖固体废弃物作碳源的脱氮除磷净化工艺提供技术方案。2.不同C/N比对SND系统的脱氮除磷效果研究本部分根据研究内容1的结果,依次选取C/N 12、7、20、25,研究在以养殖固体废弃物水解产物为碳源下的不同C/N比的处理效果。污泥经过25 d的驯化培养,反应器中形成了具有较高活性的同步硝化反硝化能力的污泥,以养殖固体废弃物发酵产物为碳源处理养殖废水,反应器中的COD、NO3--N、NH4+-N最大去除率分别能达到97.87%、94.95%、88.90%,且NO2--N完全不发生累积,其中C/N=7.35,即50 g湿重的养殖固体废弃物与2 L的养殖废水配比最佳,脱氮除磷效果最好,对TN的去除率在87%左右,能够较好完成同步脱氮除磷实现养殖固体废弃物的资源化利用。3.以养殖固体废弃物发酵产物为碳源的SND系统的稳定性及进水方式优化的研究针对养殖固体废弃物水解产物的复杂性和波动性,本部分研究了以养殖固体废弃物水解为碳源时反应器脱氮除磷的稳态性研究,并探讨了不同进水方式下反应器的处理效果,从而为养殖固体废弃物水解产物为碳源的实践性应用提供理论支持。实验结果表明,反应器持续运行一个月,不同C/N比的试验组运行均稳定,其中C/N=4.96的去除效果优于C/N=3.97、7.34;TN、DOC、TP的平均去除率分别为83.8%、82.9%、65.5%。在不同进水方式实验中,进水方式的调节对处理效果的提高不显著;在一次性进水的方式下,在反应2 h后添加一定量的乙酸钠,发现脱氮效率从77.68%提高到82.66%,但对除磷效果不明显。
[Abstract]:More and more researchers pay attention to denitrification from the production of solid waste fermentation products as carbon source. The cultured solid waste is derived from the feed, which contains a large amount of biodegradable substances. The chemical oxygen demand released by the solid waste is about 39%~44% of the feed, and the products released by the hydrolysate are used as the anti nitrite. It is found that the effect of denitrification is remarkable, not only to purify aquaculture water environment, but also to realize the resource of waste. However, about 51% of nitrogen and 64% of phosphorus are used as waste, of which 51% of the nitrogen mainly exists in the form of ammonia nitrogen. The content of raw ammonia nitrogen is about 11%., which produces COD content, although the fermentation product of solid waste can provide a sufficient carbon source for heterotrophic denitrification, but it will bring a lot of harmful by-products nitrogen and phosphorus. Therefore, how to use the waste effectively is the key point of this experiment. Simultaneous nitrification and is the same step. The effect of denitrification, SND) is to reduce the accumulation of NOx- (NO2-+NO3-) in the main solution by reducing the denitrification in the inner anoxic region and reducing the accumulation of NOx- (NO2-+NO3-) in the main body. It is found that the particle size and close structure of the granular sludge will lead to the formation of the aerobic zone / anoxic zone / anaerobic zone in the mass transfer of the sludge in the sludge. This experiment is beneficial to synchronous denitrification and dephosphorization of the system. This experiment uses the synchronous nitrification and denitrification granular sludge and the culture of solid waste hydrolysate as carbon source to remove nitrogen and phosphorus from the aquaculture wastewater. By measuring the water quality indexes such as TAN, NO3-N, NO2-N and TP, the effect of nitrification and denitrification at various stages of activated sludge is observed, and the reactor is judged to be a reactor. Whether it is stable and the effect is ideal, the aim of the experiment is to purify aquaculture water environment and realize the utilization of waste. The experiment is mainly divided into three parts: 1. the preliminary study on the nitrogen and phosphorus removal of the culture waste water SND by the fermentation product of solid waste, the inoculation sludge from the anaerobic process of the wastewater treatment plant The active sludge is designed to improve the treatment effect of aquaculture wastewater, to explore the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus removal from the aquaculture wastewater with the hydrolysate of solid waste as the carbon source, to reduce the harmful by-products from the hydrolysis of solid waste, and to further study the nitrogen and phosphorus removal of the aquaculture wastewater by using the hydrolysate of the solid waste as the carbon source. For theoretical reference, the sequential batch reactor (SBR) with continuous low aeration was used to domesticate the Simultaneous Nitrification and Denitrification (SND) denitrification sludge by artificial simulated aquaculture wastewater and to remove nitrogen and phosphorus from the nutrient wastewater with solid waste as the carbon source. In the hydraulic retention time (Hydraulic Reten). Tion Time, HRT) was 12 h, and the concentration of dissolved oxygen (Dissolve Oxygen, DO) was about 2.5 mg/L. The removal rates of organic matter (COD), NH4+-N, NO3--N and dissolved total nitrogen (TDN) were 76.5%, 60.7%, 76.6%, 65.6%, respectively, and the removal rate of dissolved total phosphorus in the wastewater was 68.5%, The result shows that the nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency of different C/N ratios in the SND system.2. can be used as a carbon source for the solid waste. According to the results of the research content 1, C/N 12,7,20,25 is selected in order to study the different C/N under the carbon source of the hydrolysate of the cultured solid waste. After 25 D acclimatization of the sludge, sludge has been formed in the reactor with high active synchronous nitrification and denitrification ability, and the fermentation products of solid waste are treated as carbon sources to treat aquaculture wastewater. The maximum removal rate of COD, NO3--N, and NH4+-N in the reactor can reach 97.87%, 94.95%, 88.90%, and NO2--N is completely no hair. The ratio of C/N=7.35, 50 g wet weight culture solid waste and 2 L aquaculture wastewater is the best, the removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus is best and the removal rate of TN is about 87%. It can better complete the synchronous denitrification and phosphorus removal to realize the resource utilization of solid waste by.3. and the stability of the solid waste fermentation product as the carbon source of the solid waste. The study on the complexity and volatility of the hydrolysates of the cultured solid waste was studied in the study of the complexity and volatility of the hydrolysates of the solid waste. In this part, the steady state of nitrogen and phosphorus removal in the reactor was studied when the solid waste was hydrolyzed to carbon source, and the treatment effect of the reactor under different influent modes was discussed, so as to hydrolyze the solid waste. It provides theoretical support for the practical application of carbon source. The experimental results show that the operation of the reactor is stable for one month and the operation of the experimental group with different C/N ratio is stable, and the removal efficiency of C/N=4.96 is better than that of C/N=3.97,7.34; the average removal rate of TN, DOC and TP is 83.8%, 82.9%, respectively, and 65.5%. is regulated in the different inlet mode experiments. The improvement of treatment effect was not significant; in the way of one time influent, a certain amount of sodium acetate was added after the reaction of 2 h, and the efficiency of denitrification was increased from 77.68% to 82.66%, but the effect of phosphorus removal was not obvious.
【学位授予单位】：上海海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X714

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