济南市细颗粒物污染及管理建议研究

发布时间：2018-06-24 07:09

本文选题：济南市 + 细颗粒物污染　；参考：《山东大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：人气细颗粒物污染是当前我国面临的最严峻的大气环境问题之一，危害人体健康,对气候变化也有重要影响。济南市是山东省省会,正处于工业化、城市化快速发展阶段,且受地形和气象条件的影响，，导致济南市的细颗粒物污染问题十分突出,对城市居民的健康危害极大。本研究选择济南市为研究对象,分析细颗粒物污染的时空变化趋势,从宏观角度选择了影响细颗粒物污染的主要因素进行了分析,针对济南市实际情况提出管理建议,具有十分重要的意义。研究结果表明,济南市近20年PM2.5呈波动下降趋势,但2013年PM2.5浓度急剧上升；年内细颗粒物浓度呈现明显的月变化规律,非采暖季浓度较低,采暖季浓度较高,这种变化趋势反映济南市冬季采暖燃烧源对细颗粒物的贡献较人；在空间分布上,济南市细颗粒物浓度空间分布存在较明显的空间差异。细颗粒物污染的主要影响要素分析结果表明：济南市二产比重偏高；能耗总量呈现递增的趋势,煤炭在能源结构中比重大,能源结构不合理；济南市工业结构中,电力、蒸汽、热水的生产和供应业、黑色金属冶炼及压延加工业、石油加工、炼焦及核燃料加工业、非金属矿物制品业和化学原料及化学制品制造业等大气重污染行业比重过大；从空间布局上,工业密集区的分布对细颗粒物污染具有相关性。工业布局的不合理.机动车数量的剧增及建筑施工扬尘等都是细颗粒物污染的主要影响要素。最后,针对济南市的实际情况,本文从政策制定、产业结构及布局优化、环境管理、公众参与等方面提出了济南市防治细颗粒物污染的管理建议,希望能帮助相关决策者找到更多视角来解决问题。
[Abstract]:The pollution of fine particulate matter is one of the most serious atmospheric environmental problems in China, which is harmful to human health and has an important impact on climate change. Jinan, the capital of Shandong Province, is in the stage of industrialization, rapid urbanization, and influenced by topography and meteorological conditions, which leads to the serious problem of fine particulate matter pollution in Jinan, which is harmful to the health of urban residents. This study selected Jinan as the research object, analyzed the time and space change trend of fine particle pollution, selected the main factors influencing fine particle pollution from the macroscopic angle, and put forward the management suggestions in view of the actual situation of Jinan. It is of great significance. The results showed that PM2.5 showed a fluctuating downward trend in Jinan in the past 20 years, but the concentration of PM2.5 increased sharply in 2013, and the concentration of fine particles in the year showed an obvious monthly change, the concentration of PM2.5 in non-heating season was lower, and the concentration of PM2.5 in heating season was higher than that in non-heating season. This trend indicates that the contribution of heating and combustion sources to fine particles is higher in Jinan in winter, and the spatial distribution of fine particulates in Jinan is obviously different in spatial distribution. The results of analysis on the main influencing factors of fine particulate matter pollution show that: the proportion of secondary production in Jinan is on the high side, the total energy consumption is increasing, the proportion of coal in the energy structure is large, the energy structure is unreasonable, and in the industrial structure of Jinan, electricity, steam, Hot water production and supply industry, ferrous metal smelting and calender processing industry, petroleum processing, coking and nuclear fuel processing industry, non-metallic mineral products industry and chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing industries such as heavy air pollution proportion is too large; In terms of spatial distribution, the distribution of industrial concentrated areas is related to fine particulate matter pollution. The layout of the industry is unreasonable. The increase in the number of motor vehicles and the dust in construction are the main factors affecting fine particulate matter pollution. Finally, in view of the actual situation in Jinan, this paper puts forward some management suggestions on the prevention and control of fine particulate matter pollution in Jinan from the aspects of policy formulation, industrial structure and layout optimization, environmental management, public participation, etc. Hope to help relevant decision makers to find more perspective to solve the problem.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X513

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