拉林河流域土壤重金属污染特征及来源解析

发布时间：2018-06-24 10:44

本文选题：重金属 + 土壤　；参考：《农业工程学报》2016年19期

【摘要】：该文选取拉林河流域表层土壤为研究对象,通过对土壤重金属的含量和空间分布分析、污染评价、以及潜在生态风险评价,了解土壤重金属的分布特征和污染现状,并利用正定矩阵因子分解法(PMF)探索土壤重金属污染的来源。结果表明,表层土壤中Cr、As、Pb、Cu、Zn、Ni、Mn、V的平均含量均低于背景值,Co和Se略微高于背景值,部分土壤样点Cd和Ni超过国家土壤环境质量标准的二级标准。研究区土壤污染的主要金属元素为Cd和Hg,地累积指数表明受到污染的样品比例分别达到45.1%和37.0%,其潜在生态危害指数平均值分别为49.83和70.29。根据PMF计算结果,拉林河流域表层土壤重金属累积主要受自然源、农药肥料源、工业排放源的影响。其中,自然本底对研究区土壤中重金属的影响最大,贡献率为38.0%,其次是农药和肥料施用,贡献率为32.6%,燃煤和工业排放源的贡献率稍低,为29.4%。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the surface soil of Lalin River Basin is selected as the research object. Through the analysis of the content and spatial distribution of soil heavy metals, the assessment of pollution, and the assessment of potential ecological risk, the distribution characteristics and pollution status of heavy metals in soil are understood. Positive definite matrix factorization (PMF) was used to explore the source of heavy metal pollution in soil. The results showed that the average contents of Cr ~ (2 +) -As-PbPbCu ~ (2 +) Zn ~ (2 +) mn ~ (2 +) in surface soil were lower than those of background value (Co) and se (se) slightly higher than that of background value, and CD and Ni in some soil samples exceeded the second grade standard of national soil environmental quality standard. The main metal elements of soil pollution in the study area were CD and Hg. The soil accumulation index showed that the proportion of contaminated samples reached 45.1% and 37.0 respectively, and the average values of potential ecological hazard index were 49.83 and 70.29, respectively. According to the results of PMF calculation, the accumulation of heavy metals in the surface soil of Lalin River Basin was mainly affected by natural sources, pesticide and fertilizer sources and industrial emission sources. The natural background had the biggest effect on the heavy metals in the soil of the study area, the contribution rate was 38.0%, the next was pesticide and fertilizer application, the contribution rate was 32.60.The contribution rate of coal combustion and industrial emission sources was slightly lower (29.4cm).
【作者单位】：北京师范大学水科学研究院;
【基金】：国家科技重大专项(2014ZX07201-010) 国家自然科学基金资助项目(41303069)
【分类号】：X53

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