基于生物膜的全程自养脱氮反应器运行效能的研究

发布时间：2018-06-26 14:22

  本文选题：生物膜 + SBBR反应器　； 参考：《东北林业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市生活污水、灌溉用水的农药残留、养殖废水等富含氮元素的废水未经处理的排放,是造成水体富营养化的主要因素,而随着城市化进程的发展,城市生活污水已经占我国废水排放的最大比重。传统生物脱氮工艺存在着处理效率低、能耗高、占地面积大等问题,因此,开发新的低碳脱氮工艺,能够高效脱氮的同时减少能耗,对污水处理得长足发展具有重要意义。生物膜技术被认为是一种高效的废水处理方法,与活性污泥法相比具有生物量大、处理能力强、剩余污泥产量少、运行管理方便等优点。序批式生物膜反应器(SBBR)是基于生物膜技术的一种复合式生物膜反应器,它既继承了生物膜法的优点,又结合了SBR反应器的运行特点。本研究通过对SBBR反应器中的填料配置方式进行对比研究,对SBBR反应器进行配置优化,进而利用SBBR反应器与上流式生物膜反应器的组合,采用半亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化工艺,对模拟实际废水进行脱氮效能及系统稳定性的分析。首先采用模拟实际废水,对SBBR反应器的填料进行最佳填充方式及最佳填充率的确定。试验结果表明,在温度(29±1)℃、ZH填料填充比为20%的条件下启动反应器,固定填充方式挂膜要较自然悬浮方式挂膜早成熟8d。固定填充方式反应器COD与氨氮的去除率分别为95.23%和98.07%,自然悬浮填充方式反应器COD与氨氮的去除率分别为86.83%和84.01%,可见填料填充固定式要优于自然悬浮式。在固定填充方式挂膜条件下,考察了三种不同填充率(20%、40%、60%)对SBBR反应器去除COD和脱氮效果的影响,结果显示填充率20%效果最好,其COD去除率为95.23%,是填充率40%和60%的1.10倍和1.04倍：氨氮去除率为98.07%,是填充率40%和60%的1.39倍和1.69倍。采用20%的填料填充比,以固定方式填充对组合工艺的SBBR反应器进行启动以实现半亚硝化。经过122d的污泥培养与42d的挂膜培养,体系内亚硝化累积率达93.2%,硝态氮基本处于检测线以下,出水NH4+-N与N02--N的比值为0.71。上流式生物膜反应器经74d的培养后,ANAMMOX成为体系内的优势反应,出水NH4+-N和N02-N的平均去除率分别达到91.03%和86.56%,去除负荷分别为8.53kg/(m3.d)和9.29kg/(m3·d),氨氮去除量与亚硝态氮的去除量之比为1.33。将已经成功启动的SBBR反应器与上流式生物膜反应器进行耦合,组合工艺出水NH4+-N5mg/L,由于存在硝化反应的影响,N02--N出水约为20mg/L, NO3--N出水约为40mg/L。其中半亚硝化对氨氮转化率为38.51%,ANAMMOX去除的氨氮占全部氮素去除的52.39%。
[Abstract]:The untreated discharge of municipal sewage, pesticide residues in irrigation water and aquaculture wastewater are the main factors that lead to eutrophication of water body, and with the development of urbanization, Municipal domestic sewage has accounted for the largest proportion of wastewater discharge in China. The traditional biological nitrogen removal process has some problems such as low treatment efficiency, high energy consumption and large area. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a new low carbon denitrification process that can efficiently denitrification and reduce energy consumption, which is of great significance to the rapid development of wastewater treatment. Biofilm technology is considered to be an efficient method for wastewater treatment. Compared with activated sludge process, biofilm has many advantages, such as large biomass, strong treatment capacity, less surplus sludge production, and convenient operation and management. Sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) is a composite biofilm reactor based on biofilm technology. It not only inherits the advantages of biofilm process, but also combines the operation characteristics of SBR reactor. By comparing and studying the packing configuration in SBBR reactor, the configuration of SBBR reactor was optimized, and then the semi-nitrification-anaerobic ammoxidation process was adopted by the combination of SBBR reactor and upflow biofilm reactor. The nitrogen removal efficiency and system stability of simulated wastewater were analyzed. At first, the best filling method and the best filling rate of the SBBR reactor were determined by simulating the actual wastewater. The results showed that when the filling ratio of ZH filler at (29 卤1) 鈩，

本文编号：2070669