南京市不同交通工具内部颗粒物污染状况的研究

发布时间：2018-06-29 23:17

本文选题：交通工具 + 颗粒物　；参考：《环境科学与技术》2016年12期

【摘要】：为了解目前各种常用交通工具内部大气颗粒物污染状况,利用颗粒物浓度监测仪(DT-9880M)在2015年3月中旬至5月中旬于南京市鼓楼至新街口一带及南京市不同功能区,对各种城市交通工具如地铁、私家车、公交车、出租车内的颗粒物及室外的污染状况进行了监测。结果表明:(1)同等天气条件下不同交通工具窗户关闭时内部PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)浓度分别为:私家车(84.2,145.0μg/m~3)出租车(51.8,99.7μg/m~3)地铁(28.2,45.8μg/m~3),地铁内部污染水平最低。(2)开窗时室外大气污染状况对公交车内部颗粒物浓度有一定影响,随着室外颗粒物浓度的增加,公交车内颗粒物浓度明显上升;地铁由于封闭运行,车内颗粒物浓度与车外污染关系不大,与车内人流量有关。(3)对于私家车,吸烟会造成颗粒物浓度剧增,关窗与开内循环均能降低室内颗粒物浓度,其中开内循环效果显著,而车型和排量对室内颗粒物污染则无明显影响。(4)综合时耗,油耗和乘车费用三方面,地铁最省钱省时,且车内空气质量最好,出行时可以优先选择。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the atmospheric particulate pollution situation in various common vehicles, the particle concentration monitor (DT-9880M) was used in the areas from Gulou to Xinjiekou in Nanjing from mid-March to mid-May 2015, and in different functional areas of Nanjing. The pollution status of various urban vehicles such as subway, private car, bus, taxi and outdoor pollution was monitored. The results show that: (1) under the same weather conditions, the concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 in the windows of different vehicles are as follows: private cars (84.2145.0 渭 g/m~3), taxis (51.899. 7 渭 g/m~3), subway (28.2n 45.8 渭 g/m~3). The concentration of particulate matter in the car has a certain effect. With the increase of outdoor particulate concentration, the concentration of particulate matter in the bus increases obviously. Due to the closed operation of the subway, the concentration of particulate matter in the vehicle has little to do with the pollution outside the vehicle, but it is related to the flow of people inside the vehicle. (3) for private cars, Smoking will cause a sharp increase in particulate concentration. Closing windows and opening internal circulation can both reduce indoor particulate concentration, in which the effect of open and internal circulation is significant, while vehicle type and exhaust volume have no significant effect on indoor particulate pollution. (4) Comprehensive time consumption, The three aspects of fuel consumption and ride cost, the subway is the most economical and time-saving, and the best air quality in the car, travel can be preferred.
【作者单位】：南京信息工程大学江苏省大气环境与装备技术协同创新中心;南京信息工程大学江苏省大气环境监测与污染控制高技术研究重点实验室;南京信息工程大学中国气象局气溶胶与云降水重点开放实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(41301581) 江苏省自然科学基金(BK20130998) 南京信息工程大学基金预研项目(2014x003) 中国科学院战略性先导科技专项子课题(XDB05020206)
【分类号】：X513

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