丙烯腈生产焚烧废水中聚合物资源化利用研究

发布时间：2018-06-30 04:32

本文选题：丙烯腈 + 废水　；参考：《合肥工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：丙烯腈是三大合成材料的重要化工原料,应用前景广阔,国内外对丙烯腈的需求量较高。伴随着丙烯腈需求量的增加,高浓度、剧毒的丙烯腈有机废水的处理成为丙烯腈生产企业的最大难题。目前工业上主要采用丙烯氨氧化法制备丙烯腈,研究表明丙烯腈生产废水中主要成分为丙烯腈、乙腈、氢氰酸、丙烯醛、乙醛、丙腈及大量低聚物。废水中腈化物含量较高,属于难降解的有毒的有机污染物,目前国内丙烯腈废水以焚烧处理为主,而焚烧产生的高温废气直接排放到大气中,存在严重的能耗和二次污染问题,既浪费能源,又对环境造成污染。论文介绍了丙烯腈工业生产焚烧废水的处理方法以及研究现状。我们在阅读大量的中英文文献的基础上,分析了丙烯腈焚烧废水中有机物质的主要组成成分,确定了研究方案。本课题通过将丙烯腈生产焚烧废水中的固体组分聚丙烯腈分离,再利用催化水解技术将其水解、聚合,制备具有一定分子量的聚丙烯酰胺或聚丙烯酸等高分子材料,得到的聚丙烯酰胺可以作为絮凝剂或者吸水剂应用于污水处理等行业。分离固体组分后的废水,由于除去了对COD影响大、且难处理的聚合物组分,使得废水处理难度大大降低。通过此法处理丙烯腈焚烧废水,不仅有效降低了废水处理难度,而且避免了因焚烧废水造成的二次污染,改性后的聚合物再利用,进一步降低了工业废水处理成本,实现了丙烯腈生产焚烧废水中废弃物的资源化利用。论文对每步反应条件进行了工艺优化,通过单因素(例如温度、催化剂、物料比以及反应时间等)实验结果的分析比较,确定了最佳的工艺条件。最后通过红外光谱检测(IR)、同步热分析、元素分析、灰分含量测试、水解度测试以及黏度法等分别对聚丙烯腈和聚丙烯酰胺的结构、热性能及分子量进行了表征。
[Abstract]:Acrylonitrile is an important chemical raw material of three synthetic materials, which has a broad application prospect and high demand for acrylonitrile at home and abroad. With the increasing demand for acrylonitrile, the treatment of highly toxic organic wastewater of acrylonitrile has become the biggest problem in acrylonitrile production enterprises. At present, acrylonitrile is mainly prepared by ammoxidation of propylene. The main components of acrylonitrile wastewater are acrylonitrile, acetonitrile, hydrocyanic acid, acrolein, acetaldehyde, propionitrile and a large number of oligomers. The nitrile content in wastewater is high and it is a toxic organic pollutant which is difficult to degrade. At present, the domestic acrylonitrile wastewater is mainly treated by incineration, and the high temperature waste gas from incineration is discharged directly into the atmosphere, which has serious problems of energy consumption and secondary pollution. It is a waste of energy and pollution to the environment. This paper introduces the treatment method and research status of incineration wastewater from acrylonitrile industry. On the basis of reading a lot of literature in Chinese and English, we analyzed the main components of organic matter in acrylonitrile incineration wastewater, and determined the research scheme. In this paper, polyacrylonitrile (PAN), a solid component in incineration wastewater from acrylonitrile production, was separated, then hydrolyzed and polymerized by catalytic hydrolysis technology to prepare polyacrylamide or polyacrylic acid with certain molecular weight. The obtained polyacrylamide can be used as flocculant or absorbent in wastewater treatment industry. After separating solid components, the difficulty of wastewater treatment is greatly reduced because of the removal of polymer components which have great influence on COD and are difficult to treat. The treatment of acrylonitrile incineration wastewater by this method not only effectively reduces the difficulty of wastewater treatment, but also avoids the secondary pollution caused by incineration wastewater, the reutilization of modified polymer, and further reduces the cost of industrial wastewater treatment. The reuse of waste from incineration wastewater of acrylonitrile production was realized. In this paper, the reaction conditions of each step are optimized, and the optimum process conditions are determined by the analysis and comparison of the experimental results of single factors (such as temperature, catalyst, material ratio and reaction time). Finally, the structure, thermal properties and molecular weight of polyacrylonitrile and polyacrylamide were characterized by IR, simultaneous thermal analysis, elemental analysis, ash content test, hydrolysis degree test and viscosity method.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X783

【参考文献】