高浓度汽车涂装废水处理药剂的选择及经济性评价

发布时间：2018-07-01 20:41

本文选题：涂装废水 + 物化处理法　；参考：《大连海事大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：涂装工艺在汽车表面处理中运用极其广泛,我国汽车涂装废水主要采用磷化处理,产生污水中磷酸盐含量较多,对环境污染严重。随着人民日益提升的生产、生活需求及汽车产业的蓬勃发展,汽车企业生产过程中排放的废水量逐年增多,对环境的污染与日俱增。尤其汽车生产工艺过程中排放的高浓度倒槽废水,其污染物质种类多、浓度高,处理难度大。汽车产业废水的处理已成为当今污水处理工程的重要课题。通过多年的摸索和工程实践,发现采用物化加生化处理汽车涂装废水是经济有效的,但在实际的应用中也存在一些问题,需要对此工艺进行优化和改进,使汽车涂装废水处理更加稳定和有效。主要针对某汽车生产企业生产过程中产生的涂装高浓度废水物化处理药剂的选择展开研究。确定某企业高浓度汽车涂装废水最佳反应pH条件为11；选用氯化钙与氢氧化钠混合药剂对涂装废水中Ni及磷酸盐去除率效果良好,最佳反应加药量为氢氧化钠0.4kg/t废水,氯化钙0.8kg/t废水；成本为3.72元/t废水。使用氢氧化钠与氢氧化钙混合药剂投加对磷化废水进行处理,原理上可行,效果良好,最佳反应投药配比为1：4；最佳加药量为氢氧化钠0.048kg/t,氢氧化钙的投加量为0.48kg/t,单吨废水药剂处理成本为1.57元/t废水。并在此基础上得出最佳反应加药量为聚合氯化铝0.15kg/t,聚丙烯酰胺2.5×10-3kg/t。最终得出优化药剂选择为氢氧化钠与氢氧化钙混合药剂投加并使用PAC、PAM辅助絮凝的方法处理高浓度涂装废水。处理后出水磷酸盐≤0.5mg/L,达到国家《污水综合排放标准》中的一级排放标准；单吨废水成本为1.49 元/t废水。较原处理药剂的成本2.33元/t节省了0.84元/t。研究成果可为企业污水处理降低成本和同类废水物化处理药剂的选择提供参考。
[Abstract]:Coating process is widely used in automobile surface treatment. Phosphating treatment is mainly used in automobile painting wastewater in our country, which produces more phosphate in sewage and causes serious environmental pollution. With the increasing production of people, the demand of life and the vigorous development of automobile industry, the amount of waste water discharged in the production process of automobile enterprises is increasing year by year, and the pollution to the environment is increasing day by day. In particular, the high concentration inverted tank wastewater discharged in the process of automobile production has many kinds of pollutants and high concentration, so it is difficult to treat. The treatment of automobile industry wastewater has become an important subject of sewage treatment engineering. After many years of exploration and engineering practice, it is found that it is economical and effective to treat automobile painting wastewater with physicochemical and biochemical treatment, but there are some problems in practical application, which need to be optimized and improved. The treatment of automobile coating wastewater is more stable and effective. This paper focuses on the selection of physicochemical agents for the treatment of high concentration wastewater from an automobile production enterprise. The optimum reaction pH condition of high concentration automobile painting wastewater is determined to be 11, the removal efficiency of Ni and phosphate in painting wastewater is good by using mixed reagent of calcium chloride and sodium hydroxide, and the best reaction amount is sodium hydroxide 0.4kg/t wastewater. Calcium chloride 0.8kg/t wastewater; cost 3.72 yuan / t wastewater. Sodium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide are used to treat phosphating wastewater. The principle is feasible and the effect is good. The best ratio of reaction is 1: 4; The optimum dosage of sodium hydroxide is 0.048 kg / t, the dosage of calcium hydroxide is 0.48 kg / t, and the cost of single ton wastewater treatment is 1.57 yuan / t. On the basis of these results, the optimum dosages were obtained as follows: polyaluminium chloride 0.15 kg / t, polyacrylamide 2.5 脳 10 -3 kg / t. Finally, it is concluded that the optimal reagent is the mixture of sodium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide and the PACPAM assisted flocculation method is used to treat the high concentration coating wastewater. The phosphate of treated effluent is less than 0.5 mg / L, which meets the first class discharge standard of the National Comprehensive Wastewater discharge Standard, and the cost of single ton wastewater is 1.49 yuan / t wastewater. The cost of the original treatment was 2.33 yuan / t saving 0.84 yuan / t. The research results can provide a reference for reducing the cost of wastewater treatment and the selection of physicochemical agents for the same kind of wastewater treatment.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703

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