丹皮酚和四种微结构硅胶材料对小舟形藻的抑制作用研究

发布时间：2018-07-04 15:40

本文选题：丹皮酚 + 小舟形藻　；参考：《上海海洋大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：传统的防污方法对周围环境和生产带来了很多危害,不利于生态系统的可持续发展。探索新型的环境友好型防污方法迫在眉睫,将会对生产和生活具有重大意义。新型的防污方法包括在涂料中添加天然防污产物、合成具有防污性能的新材料以及利用仿生技术在低表面能表面构筑微结构等。本课题主要研究天然产物丹皮酚和四种微结构硅胶板对小舟形藻的抑制作用,并探索可能的防污机理。本实验先探索丹皮酚对小舟形藻附着和生长的抑制作用,以硫酸铜为对照药品。丹皮酚对小舟形藻的附着抑制测试中,丹皮酚浓度设置为11个浓度,分别为:0、1、10、20、30、40、50、60、120、240和300 mg/L。硫酸铜浓度设置为11个浓度,分别为0、10、50、100、120、240、300、400、500、600和800 mg/L。72 h后测试不同浓度的两种物质对小舟形藻的附着抑制率。结果发现随着丹皮酚和硫酸铜浓度的增大,它们对硅藻附着的抑制率也增大。当丹皮酚的浓度为40.0mg/L时,对硅藻的附着抑制率已超过50%;当硫酸铜浓度为100.0 mg/L时,对硅藻的附着抑制率已超过50%。丹皮酚相比硫酸铜,能够更有效地抑制小舟形藻的附着。在丹皮酚对小舟形藻的生长抑制测试中,分别测试小舟形藻在丹皮酚(0、50、100、200、400和600 mg/L)和硫酸铜(0、10、50、100、200和300 mg/L)作用下,在24 h、48 h、72 h和96 h时的生长浓度和叶绿素a含量,并求出EC50。结果发现不同浓度药物对小舟形藻分别产生了不同程度的抑制。药物浓度越大,抑制效果越明显。在丹皮酚作用下,小舟形藻的EC50为180.708 mg/L;在硫酸铜作用下,小舟形藻的EC50为121.91 mg/L。在高浓度的丹皮酚(400-600 mg/L)和高浓度的硫酸铜(200-300 mg/L)作用下,96 h时小舟形藻所含的叶绿素a含量与0 h相比,存在极显著性差异(P0.01)。则丹皮酚相比硫酸铜对小舟形藻的生长毒害作用更小,属于无毒或者低毒型新型防污剂。因此,丹皮酚不仅能够有效抑制小舟形藻的附着,而且对小舟形藻的毒性更小。添加在涂料中使用,属于环境友好型防污方法。随后,本实验利用两种手段研究丹皮酚对小舟形藻细胞活性的影响。利用LSCM观察经丹皮酚浸泡过的小舟形藻时发现其荧光活性变弱,则丹皮酚使小舟形藻的细胞活性变弱。AC-SECM测试时,硅藻在200μg m L-1的丹皮酚中分别浸泡20 h,25 h和35 h。测试时得出良好的逼近曲线:探头无穷远时,反馈电流信号接近溶液本体强度;当探头无限接近基底时,探头的反馈电流信号变化显著。测试显示硅藻膜的交流阻抗值高于玻璃基底的交流阻抗值。在交流信号的频率为60000Hz和32957 Hz时,丹皮酚处理过的硅藻的相位角值随着丹皮酚处理时间的增加而不断减小,即表明其活性变弱。丹皮酚对硅藻附着的抑制作用可能和丹皮酚是钙拮抗剂有关系。此外,本课题还研究了四种微结构硅胶板在动静状态下,对小舟形藻附着抑制作用。静态条件下,四种微结构对在其表面附着2h后的小舟形藻的附着抑制率范围为11%-13%。动态条件下,在流道式冲刷装置中冲刷5 min。设置5 m3/h、10 m3/h、15 m3/h、20 m3/h和25 m3/h五个流量下,测试四种微结构对小舟形藻的脱除率。随着流量的增加,四种微结构对小舟形藻的脱除率也增加,从10%增加到75%。综合来看,微结构H3和H2的防污效果稍优于H1和H2。四种微结构能够抑制硅藻的附着,主要受到硅藻的几何尺寸以及微结构的几何尺寸之间关系、外界水流作用的影响。
[Abstract]:The traditional antifouling method has brought many hazards to the surrounding environment and production, which is not conducive to the sustainable development of the ecosystem. It is imminent to explore a new environmental friendly antifouling method, which will be of great significance to production and life. New antifouling methods include adding natural antifouling products to the coatings and synthesizing new antifouling properties. Materials and the use of biomimetic technology to construct microstructures on the surface of low surface energy. This topic mainly studies the inhibition effect of Paeonol and four kinds of microstructural silicon plates on the microalgae, and explore the possible antifouling mechanism. This experiment first explored the inhibition effect of Paeonol on the adhesion and growth of canoe algae, and copper sulfate as the control drug. In the inhibition test of the attachment of paeonol, the concentration of paeonol was set to 11 concentrations. The concentration of 0,1,10,20,30,40,50,60120240 and 300 mg/L. copper sulfate was set to 11 concentrations, respectively, which were 0,10,50100120240300400500600 and 800 mg/L.72 h respectively, and two kinds of substances with different concentrations were tested for the adhesion and inhibition of the canoe. The inhibition rate of diatom adhesion was also increased with the increase of Paeonol and copper sulfate. When the concentration of paeonol was 40.0mg/L, the inhibition rate of diatom was more than 50%. When the concentration of copper sulfate was 100 mg/L, the inhibition rate of diatom was more than 50%. paeonol compared with copper sulfate, which could be more effective. Inhibition of the adhesion of the canoe algae. In the test of the growth inhibition of Paeonol on the growth of the canoe algae, the growth concentration and the a content of the leaf green were tested under the action of Danpi (0,50100200400 and 600 mg/L) and copper sulfate (0,10,50100200 and 300 mg/L), at 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h, and the results of EC50. were found to find different concentrations of drugs. Under the action of paeonol, the EC50 of the canoe algae is 180.708 mg/L, and the EC50 of the canoe alga is 121.91 mg/L. under the action of high concentration of paeonol (400-600 mg/ L) and high concentration of copper sulfate (200-300 mg/L) under the action of copper sulfate, 96 h. Compared with 0 h, the content of chlorophyll a contained in the canoe was significantly different (P0.01), but paeonol was less toxic to the growth of canoe than copper sulfate, and was a non-toxic or low toxic antifouling agent. Therefore, paeonol can not only effectively inhibit the attachment of small boat algae, but also have less toxicity to the canoe algae. Adding in the coating is an environmentally friendly antifouling method. Then, this experiment uses two methods to study the effect of Paeonol on the activity of the canoe algae cells. The fluorescence activity of paeonol was observed by LSCM, and the activity of paeonol was weakened when the cell activity of the canoe algae was weakened.AC-SECM test. The algae in the 200 g m L-1 paeonol were soaked in 20 h, 25 h and 35 h. respectively. When the probe was infinitely far, the feedback current signal was close to the strength of the solution body; the feedback current signal of the probe changed remarkably when the probe was infinitely close to the base. The test showed that the AC impedance of the diatom membrane was higher than the glass substrate. When the frequency of AC signals is 60000Hz and 32957 Hz, the phase angle of diatom treated by paeonol decreases with the increase of paeonol treatment time, that is, its activity weakens. The inhibitory effect of Paeonol on diatom attachment may be related to paeonol as a calcium antagonist. In addition, the subject also studied four kinds of microorganism. Under static conditions, the inhibition rate of the attachment inhibition of four microstructures on the surface of the canoe algae was 11%-13%. under static conditions under static conditions. Under the dynamic condition, four m3/h, 10 m3/h, 15 m3/h, 20 m3/h and 25 m3/h were tested under the flow rate of 5 min. in the flow channel scour device. The removal rate of four kinds of microstructures for small canoe algae. With the increase of flow, the removal rate of four microstructures is also increased. From 10% to 75%., the antifouling effect of microstructures H3 and H2 is slightly better than that of H1 and H2., which can inhibit the attachment of diatom, mainly by the geometry of diatom and the geometry of microstructures. The relationship between the dimensions, the influence of the external flow of water.
【学位授予单位】：上海海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X55;TB34

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