韶山市热环境及城市化热环境因子研究

发布时间：2018-07-13 13:19

【摘要】：政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)发表的第四次评估报告指出近百年来全球变暖趋势很大程度上与城市化发展有关。目前,我国正处于城市化进程高速发展的阶段,为了科学调控我国城市热环境特别是占比例最大的小型城市热环境,本文选取湖南省韶山市作为研究对象,调查了韶山市气温、相对湿度、室外PM2.5、城市地表热流以及社会经济方面等的信息和数据,基于所调查的气象数据和信息分析了不同时间尺度下韶山市气温和相对湿度的变化规律特征和城市热岛强度,同时,提出了热环境因子和综合城市化热环境指数的概念,选取总人口、非农业人口/总人口、人均GDP、第三产业增加值/国内生产总值、第三产业增加值、城市居民人均可支配收入6项反映城市化发展水平的指标作为城市化热环境因子,构建综合城市化热环境指数。将综合城市化热环境指数与城市气温进行回归分析,从城市发展的角度建立城市热环境分析模型,并与萍乡市城市热环境分析模型进行对比寻求不同城市热环境分析模型之间的共性和差异。最后,利用所建模型对各个城市化热环境因子进行了敏感性分析。研究结果表明:(1)本文得出了运用CFD进行城市热环境模拟时,回潮和不回潮条件下城市地表热流的确定方法。(2)近57年来韶山市气温总体呈上升趋势,上升趋势为0.12oC/10a,而相对湿度总体呈下降趋势,但普遍较高,达到81%。(3)1997年开始城市化对韶山市气温产生显著性影响,1997-2014年间城市化增温率至少为0.26oC/10a,四季中夏季、秋季的气温受城市化影响程度最大。(4)由所建立的城市热环境分析模型可知,随着城市化进程的推进,城市气温并非无限上升,反而上升加速度越来越慢甚至有变为负数的趋势,这说明城市热环境与城市化发展之间可能存在某种制约关系。(5)不同城市的热环境分析模型不同,但城市气温均表现为随城市化的发展不断增加,且各城市化热环境因子对城市气温的影响程度相近。本文的研究结果可为韶山市及相似城市的环境调控和城市规划提供一定的理论依据和对策建议,为城市热环境的CFD模拟奠定一定的基础。
[Abstract]:The fourth assessment report published by the Intergovernmental Panel on climate change (IPCC) points out that the trend of global warming in the past hundred years is largely related to the development of urbanization. At present, China is at the stage of rapid urbanization. In order to scientifically control the thermal environment of urban heat environment in our country, especially the small urban heat environment, the most proportions of the urban heat environment, Taking Shaoshan city of Hunan Province as the research object, this paper investigates the information and data of the temperature, relative humidity, outdoor PM2.5, urban surface heat flow and social and economic aspects of Shaoshan city. Based on the meteorological data and information investigated, the characteristics of the change of the temperature and relative humidity in Shaoshan under different time scales and the intensity of the urban heat island are analyzed. At the same time, the concept of thermal environmental factors and comprehensive urban thermal environment index was put forward, and the total population, non agricultural population / population, GDP per capita, the third industrial added value / GDP, the third industry added value, and the 6 indexes of urban residents' per capita disposable income were selected as the urban hot environmental factors. The comprehensive urban thermal environment index was constructed. The comprehensive urban thermal environment index and the urban temperature were regressed and the urban thermal environment analysis model was established from the perspective of urban development. And compared with the urban thermal environment analysis model of Pingxiang City, the generality and difference between the thermal environment analysis models of different cities were sought. Finally, the construction of the thermal environment analysis model was built. The sensitivity analysis of the urban thermal environment factors is carried out by the model. The results show that: (1) the method of determining the urban surface heat flow under the conditions of the urban thermal environment simulation with CFD is obtained. (2) in the last 57 years, the temperature in Shaoshan has been upward trend, the rising trend is 0.12oC/10a, and the relative humidity is total. The body showed a downward trend, but it was generally high. The urbanization began to have a significant effect on the temperature of Shaoshan in 1997 (3). The urbanization temperature increase rate was at least 0.26oC/10a in the last 1997-2014 years. In the four seasons, the temperature in the autumn was most affected by the urbanization. (4) the urban thermal environment analysis model built up with the process of urbanization. On the other hand, the urban air temperature is not rising infinitely, but the rising acceleration is becoming slower or even negative. It shows that there may be some restriction relationship between the urban thermal environment and the urbanization development. (5) the thermal environment analysis model of different cities is different, but the urban gas temperature is increasing with the urbanization. The impact of urban thermal environmental factors on urban air temperature is similar. The results of this study can provide some theoretical basis and Countermeasures for the environmental regulation and urban planning of Shaoshan and similar cities, and lay a foundation for the CFD simulation of urban thermal environment.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X16;P423

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