若尔盖高原河流三种温室气体排放及时空动态
发布时间：2018-07-20 18:54
【摘要】：自从工业革命后,大气中温室气体含量逐渐增加,是引起温室效应的主要原因。其中甲烷(CH4)、二氧化碳(CO2)、氧化亚氮(N2O)是大气中主要的温室气体。河流是一个不容忽视的产生温室气体的热点。在国外已开展河流温室气体排放监测,但是主要集中在热带地区,对于高寒海拔地区的河流温室气体还基本属于空白。本研究对于完善温室气体排放清单有着重要的意义。本研究研究样点选取在若尔盖高原地区白河流域,白河是若尔盖高原地区重要的一条河流,是黄河上游重要的支流之一。本研究采样静态漂浮箱-气象色谱法,对甲烷(CH4)、二氧化碳(CO2)、氧化亚氮(N2O)这三种温室气体在河流按照微地貌区分的不同区域和河流按照上中下游区分的不同地段展开监测,同时监测环境指标。量化温室气体在不同区域不同地段排放的量,揭示影响温室气体排放的关键因子,确定三种温室气体排放的时间动态和空间动态。若尔盖高原的白河流域平均CH4排放速率为0.11±2.08 mg m-2h-1,对于不同区域,河流深水区(A)为0.98±2.08mg m-2h-1,河流浅水区(B)为0.90±2.15 mg m-2h-1,河岸消落带(C)为0.03±0.57 mg m-2h-1,河岸边草地(D)为0.11±0.53 mg m-2h-1。河流AB区域CH4排放明显高于CD区域,河流上中下游只有B区域下游CH4排放明显高于上中游,其他区域河流上中下游之间无显著差异。若尔盖高原的白河流域平均CO2排放速率为87.08±286.82 mg CO2 m-2h-1,对于不同区域,河流深水区(A)为64.97±280.40 mg m-2h-1,河流浅水区(B)为50.86±284.72 mg m-2h-1,在河岸消落带(C)为97.67±292.99 mg m-2h-1,河岸边草地(D)为87.08±288.56 mg m-2h-1。河流不同区域CO2排放无显著差异,河流上中下游只有D区域下游CO2排放明显高于上中游,其他区域河流上中下游之间无显著差异。若尔盖高原的白河流域平均N2O排放速率为0.017±0.273 mg m-2h-1,对于不同区域,河流深水区(A)为0.02±0.36 mg m-2h-1,河流浅水区(B)为-0.02±0.23 mg m-2h-1,河岸消落带(C)为0.04±0.25 mg m-2h-1,河岸边草地(D)为0.02±0.23 mg m-2h-1。河流不同区域N2O排放无显著差异,河流上中下游只有A区域中游N2O排放明显高于上游,其他区域河流上中下游之间无显著差异。
[Abstract]:Since the Industrial Revolution, greenhouse gases in the atmosphere have gradually increased, which is the main cause of Greenhouse Effect. Methane (Ch _ 4), carbon dioxide (CO _ 2) and nitrous oxide (N _ 2O) are the main greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Rivers are a hot spot that can not be ignored to produce greenhouse gases. Monitoring of greenhouse gas emissions from rivers has been carried out abroad, but it is mainly concentrated in tropical regions. This study is of great significance to improve greenhouse gas emission inventory. The sample points of this study are selected in the Baihe River basin of the Ruoerge Plateau, which is an important river and one of the important tributaries in the upper reaches of the Yellow River. In this study, three greenhouse gases, methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O), were monitored by sampling static floating box-meteorological chromatography in different regions of rivers divided according to microtopography and in different areas of upper, middle and lower reaches of rivers. Monitoring environmental indicators at the same time. Quantifying the amount of greenhouse gas emissions in different regions, revealing the key factors affecting the emission of greenhouse gases, and determining the temporal and spatial dynamics of the three greenhouse gas emissions. The average CH4 emission rate of Baihe River Basin in the Ruoergai Plateau was 0.11 卤2.08 mg m-2h-1. For different regions, (A) was 0.98 卤2.08mg m-2h-1 in deep water area, 0.90 卤2.15 mg m-2h-1 in shallow water area, 0.03 卤0.57 mg m-2h-1 in riparian drop zone (C) and 0.11 卤0.53 mg m-2h-1 in riparian grassland (D). The CH4 emission in AB region was significantly higher than that in CD region. The CH4 emission in upper and lower reaches of river was significantly higher than that in upper and middle reaches, but there was no significant difference between the upper and lower reaches in other regions. The average CO _ 2 emission rate of Baihe River basin in the Ruoergai Plateau was 87.08 卤286.82 mg CO2 m-2h-1. For different regions, the (A) in the deep water area was 64.97 卤280.40 mg m-2h-1, in the shallow water area was 50.86 卤284.72 mg m-2h-1, in the riparian drop zone (C) was 97.67 卤292.99 mg m-2h-1, and in riparian grassland (D) was 87.08 卤288.56 mg m-2h-1. There was no significant difference in CO _ 2 emission between different regions of rivers, but only in the upper and lower reaches of D region was significantly higher than that in the upper and middle reaches, but there was no significant difference between the upper and lower reaches of the rivers in other regions. The average N2O emission rate of the Baihe River basin in the Ruoergai Plateau is 0.017 卤0.273 mg m-2h-1. For different regions, the (A) in the deep water area of the river is 0.02 卤0.36 mg m-2h-1, that in the shallow water area of the river is -0.02 卤0.23 mg m-2h-1, that in the riparian drop zone (C) is 0.04 卤0.25 mg m-2h-1, and that in the riparian grassland (D) is 0.02 卤0.23 mg m-2h-1. There was no significant difference in N2O emission between different regions of rivers. N2O emission from upper and lower reaches of rivers was significantly higher than that of upper and lower reaches of region A, but there was no significant difference between the upper and lower reaches of rivers in other regions.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X16
本文编号：2134444
[Abstract]:Since the Industrial Revolution, greenhouse gases in the atmosphere have gradually increased, which is the main cause of Greenhouse Effect. Methane (Ch _ 4), carbon dioxide (CO _ 2) and nitrous oxide (N _ 2O) are the main greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Rivers are a hot spot that can not be ignored to produce greenhouse gases. Monitoring of greenhouse gas emissions from rivers has been carried out abroad, but it is mainly concentrated in tropical regions. This study is of great significance to improve greenhouse gas emission inventory. The sample points of this study are selected in the Baihe River basin of the Ruoerge Plateau, which is an important river and one of the important tributaries in the upper reaches of the Yellow River. In this study, three greenhouse gases, methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O), were monitored by sampling static floating box-meteorological chromatography in different regions of rivers divided according to microtopography and in different areas of upper, middle and lower reaches of rivers. Monitoring environmental indicators at the same time. Quantifying the amount of greenhouse gas emissions in different regions, revealing the key factors affecting the emission of greenhouse gases, and determining the temporal and spatial dynamics of the three greenhouse gas emissions. The average CH4 emission rate of Baihe River Basin in the Ruoergai Plateau was 0.11 卤2.08 mg m-2h-1. For different regions, (A) was 0.98 卤2.08mg m-2h-1 in deep water area, 0.90 卤2.15 mg m-2h-1 in shallow water area, 0.03 卤0.57 mg m-2h-1 in riparian drop zone (C) and 0.11 卤0.53 mg m-2h-1 in riparian grassland (D). The CH4 emission in AB region was significantly higher than that in CD region. The CH4 emission in upper and lower reaches of river was significantly higher than that in upper and middle reaches, but there was no significant difference between the upper and lower reaches in other regions. The average CO _ 2 emission rate of Baihe River basin in the Ruoergai Plateau was 87.08 卤286.82 mg CO2 m-2h-1. For different regions, the (A) in the deep water area was 64.97 卤280.40 mg m-2h-1, in the shallow water area was 50.86 卤284.72 mg m-2h-1, in the riparian drop zone (C) was 97.67 卤292.99 mg m-2h-1, and in riparian grassland (D) was 87.08 卤288.56 mg m-2h-1. There was no significant difference in CO _ 2 emission between different regions of rivers, but only in the upper and lower reaches of D region was significantly higher than that in the upper and middle reaches, but there was no significant difference between the upper and lower reaches of the rivers in other regions. The average N2O emission rate of the Baihe River basin in the Ruoergai Plateau is 0.017 卤0.273 mg m-2h-1. For different regions, the (A) in the deep water area of the river is 0.02 卤0.36 mg m-2h-1, that in the shallow water area of the river is -0.02 卤0.23 mg m-2h-1, that in the riparian drop zone (C) is 0.04 卤0.25 mg m-2h-1, and that in the riparian grassland (D) is 0.02 卤0.23 mg m-2h-1. There was no significant difference in N2O emission between different regions of rivers. N2O emission from upper and lower reaches of rivers was significantly higher than that of upper and lower reaches of region A, but there was no significant difference between the upper and lower reaches of rivers in other regions.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X16
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 白军红;欧阳华;崔保山;王庆改;陈辉;;近40年来若尔盖高原高寒湿地景观格局变化[J];生态学报;2008年05期
，本文编号：2134444
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