我国农村水污染治理合同环境服务研究

发布时间：2018-08-03 13:10

【摘要】：水是生命的源泉,也是农业生产的命脉,但是在中国广大农村却有很多人倍受水污染问题的折磨。虽然各级政府已逐渐重视农村水污染的治理工作,但由于目前的治理方式过于简单且具有一定的强制性,并没有取得良好的效果。我国农村生活污水和企业废水相互叠加,新污染与旧污染相互接替,导致水污染问题仍然十分严峻,对于农村水污染的治理问题成为亟需解决的事情。“十三五”期间,我国环保产业将环境防治重点放在运用市场机制上,通过释放市场活力,建立一种多元化的融资渠道,发挥政策和市场的并行作用,然后推进环境污染的第三方治理和政府购买环境服务。合同环境服务采用市场手段,通过签订服务合同的方式,由委托方委托环境服务企业治理污染,既顺应当前经济体制改革的趋势,又有利于政府履行保护环境的责任。在此背景下,本文通过分析农村水污染治理的特殊性以及传统治理模式的不足,提出农村水污染治理适用合同环境服务模式的必要性和可行性,最后对农村水污染治理合同环境服务模式的构建做详细介绍。本文共分为五个部分,简述如下:第一部分导论,这一部分主要介绍本论文的研究背景、目的、方法以及国内外研究综述。第二部分对我国农村水污染的治理模式做简要分析。本部分通过分析比较传统治理和合同环境服务治理两种模式,得出农村水污染治理更适合使用合同环境服务模式的结论。第三部分主要分析农村水污染治理引入合同环境服务的必要性。主要从三方面阐述:一是由农村水污染治理的特殊性决定;二是传统治理模式存在难以解决的困境;三是合同环境服务治理模式可以弥补传统模式的不足。第四部分主要分析农村水污染治理引入合同环境服务的可行性。本部分首先列举合同环境服务在其它环境领域的适用,其次强调实施合同环境服务的理论依据,最后举例说明农村水污染治理实施合同环境服务的现实应用。第五部分针对农村水污染治理的合同环境服务构建模式做了详细介绍。主要包括合同环境服务模式中环境服务合同的主客体、订立及履行、变更及解除、责任认定以及监管体制的建立等内容。
[Abstract]:Water is the source of life and the lifeblood of agricultural production. Although governments at all levels have gradually attached importance to the treatment of water pollution in rural areas, due to the current treatment mode is too simple and mandatory, and has not achieved good results. The superposition of rural domestic sewage and enterprise wastewater, the replacement of new pollution and old pollution lead to the problem of water pollution is still very serious, the treatment of rural water pollution has become a matter of urgent need to be solved. During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, the environmental protection industry of our country focused on the use of market mechanism to prevent and cure the environment. By releasing market vitality, it set up a diversified financing channel and brought into play the parallel role of policies and markets. Then promote the third-party environmental pollution governance and government purchase of environmental services. The contract environmental service adopts the market means, through the way of signing the service contract, entrusts the environmental service enterprise by the entrustment to control the pollution, not only conforms to the current economic system reform tendency, but also benefits the government to fulfill the responsibility of protecting the environment. Under this background, by analyzing the particularity of rural water pollution control and the deficiency of traditional control mode, this paper puts forward the necessity and feasibility of applying contract environmental service mode to rural water pollution control. Finally, the construction of environmental service model of rural water pollution control contract is introduced in detail. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part is an introduction, this part mainly introduces the research background, purpose, methods and domestic and foreign research review. The second part makes a brief analysis on the control mode of rural water pollution in China. By analyzing and comparing the two models of traditional governance and contract environmental service management, this part draws the conclusion that the rural water pollution treatment is more suitable for the use of contract environmental service mode. The third part mainly analyzes the necessity of introducing contract environmental service to rural water pollution control. It is mainly expounded from three aspects: one is determined by the particularity of rural water pollution treatment; the other is that the traditional governance mode is difficult to solve; the third is that the contractual environmental service management model can make up for the shortcomings of the traditional model. The fourth part mainly analyzes the feasibility of introducing contract environmental services to rural water pollution control. This part first lists the application of contract environmental service in other environmental fields, then emphasizes the theoretical basis of implementing contractual environmental service, and finally illustrates the practical application of contract environmental service in rural water pollution control. The fifth part introduces the construction mode of contract environmental service for rural water pollution control in detail. It mainly includes the subject and object of the environmental service contract in the mode of contract environmental service, the conclusion and performance, the change and release, the responsibility confirmation and the establishment of the supervision system.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.68

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