山核桃外果皮活性炭的制备及其吸附性能的研究
发布时间:2018-08-09 06:57
【摘要】:以山核桃外果皮为原料,用磷酸作为活化剂,制备山核桃壳基活性炭(简称核桃壳炭)。用单因素实验法优化制备条件,得出制备核桃壳炭条件为:山核桃外果皮与50%的磷酸溶液比例为1:3,在160℃条件下浸渍60min,最后以5℃/min速度升温至450℃,保温60min;用稀盐酸冲洗所得核桃壳炭后,再用蒸馏水洗涤至中性,烘干。原料山核桃外果皮和优化条件下制备的核桃壳炭的进行表征,分析制备活化过程中山核桃外果皮的变化。红外光谱分析发现,磷酸活化制备核桃壳炭造成部分基团的位移,且部分基团被氧化;扫描电镜观察发现,山核桃外果皮表面较平整且无空隙,核桃壳炭表面空隙网状结构增多;分析X射线衍射得出活化过程中有部分结晶区消失。探讨了核桃壳炭对工业废水中常见的碱性染料孔雀石绿(MG)和亚甲基蓝(MB)、酸性染料枣红(PRM)和铜离子(Cu2+)的吸附性能。核桃壳炭吸附碱性染料实验表明:MG和MB吸附最佳投加量为1.0 g·L-1,最适pH值分别为5-9和6-9,原液酸碱值在此范围内,且对碱性染料的吸附过程均符合二级动力学模型和Langmuir吸附等温方程。318K条件下、初始浓度100 mg·L-1的MG经过12h吸附,去除率可达99.06%,吸附为自发的吸热过程;303K条件下,自然酸碱度条件下初始浓度为100 mg·L-1MB经过12h吸附,去除率达99.28%,且吸附均为自发放热的过程;核桃壳炭吸附PRM最佳投加量为2.0 g·L-1,溶液酸碱性对吸附效果影响较小,318K、PRM自然酸碱度条件下初始浓度100 mg·L-1、吸附时间12h,废水中PRM的去除率达99.61%,动态和静态吸附分别符合准二级动力学模型和Langmuir吸附等温式,吸附过程为自发吸热过程。吸附Cu2+实验中,当吸附剂用量为0.0500g、318K、50 mL Cu2+初始浓度100mg·L-1在pH为5的条件下,震荡12h,吸附量达29.08mg·g-1,吸附过程符合Langmuir吸附等温式、准二级动力学模型,高温有利于吸附量的提高,是自发的吸热过程。
[Abstract]:Using pecan peel as raw material and phosphoric acid as activator, hull-based activated carbon (HAC) was prepared. The preparation conditions of walnut shell charcoal were optimized by single factor experiment. The ratio of pecan pericarp to 50% phosphoric acid solution was 1: 3, impregnated at 160 鈩,
本文编号:2173256
[Abstract]:Using pecan peel as raw material and phosphoric acid as activator, hull-based activated carbon (HAC) was prepared. The preparation conditions of walnut shell charcoal were optimized by single factor experiment. The ratio of pecan pericarp to 50% phosphoric acid solution was 1: 3, impregnated at 160 鈩,
本文编号:2173256
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