膜分离技术处理丙烯腈废水实验研究

发布时间：2018-08-15 12:52

【摘要】：目前国内丙烯腈装置产生的含氰废水大部采用的是焚烧和生化处理,即浪费能源,又污染环境。近年来,随着膜技术快速发展,在国内外已经有利用膜分离技术处理各种废水的成熟经验,但在处理丙烯腈废水方面还没有成功中试实验装置的报道。利用反渗透膜和超滤相组合的分离工艺来处理丙烯腈废水,重点研究了反渗透膜不同型号、不同工艺参数等对处理效果的影响,对其处理稳定性进行评价。结果表明:处理丙烯腈废水时采用超滤膜和反渗透膜组合技术,一级和二级反渗透膜都需采用陶氏反渗透膜,水温是影响膜分离效果的基本因素,进水温度应控制在30℃以下,pH值在调节为9.6~10.6时处理效果最佳。在上述条件下,废水的化学需氧量(COD)下降率达到83.4%、氰根去除率达到51.1%,经过6个月的稳定性试验,氰根平均去除率在71%以上,出水油质量浓度小于5 mg/L,COD平均下降率在81%以上。本课题还研究了造成膜污染的成因。对反渗透膜进出水中的无机离子成分进行分析,发现丙烯腈废水中无机铁离子和300-400nm的有机物组分是造成膜污染的重要原因。膜技术处理丙烯腈废水装置运行稳定,自动化程度高,初步分析每吨废水可减少运行成本7.5元,跟目前传统方法相比,经济效益显著。
[Abstract]:At present, most of the cyanide-containing wastewater produced by acrylonitrile plants in China is treated by incineration and biochemical methods, which wastes energy and pollutes the environment. In recent years, with the rapid development of membrane technology, there are mature experiences in treating various wastewater by membrane separation technology at home and abroad, but there is no successful pilot plant for treating acrylonitrile wastewater. The effect of different types of reverse osmosis membrane and different technological parameters on the treatment of acrylonitrile wastewater was studied. The treatment stability was evaluated. The results showed that the combined technology of ultrafiltration membrane and reverse osmosis membrane was used in the treatment of acrylonitrile wastewater. Dow's reverse osmosis membrane is used in the secondary reverse osmosis membrane. The water temperature is the basic factor affecting the membrane separation effect. The inlet temperature should be controlled below 30 C and the pH value should be adjusted from 9.6 to 10.6. Under the above conditions, the COD of wastewater decreased by 83.4% and the removal rate of cyanide reached 51.1%. After 6 months of stability, the treatment effect was the best. The results showed that the average removal rate of cyanide was over 71%, the mass concentration of effluent oil was less than 5 mg/L, and the average COD decrease rate was over 81%. The causes of membrane fouling were also studied. Membrane technology for treating acrylonitrile wastewater is stable and highly automated. Preliminary analysis shows that the operation cost per ton of wastewater can be reduced by 7.5 yuan. Compared with the traditional method, the economic benefit is remarkable.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X783

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