无害化污泥与钼尾矿配施对沙化潮土土壤质量的影响

发布时间：2018-08-21 10:07

【摘要】：以小麦-玉米轮作体系下的沙化潮土为研究对象,通过2012—2015年3年5季田间定位试验,选用经过无害化处理且符合国家相关标准的商业化污泥和钼尾矿产品,研究无害化污泥与钼尾矿施用对我国典型沙化潮土土壤质量指标的影响,为无害化污泥与钼尾矿资源化利用提供理论和技术依据。结果表明:45 t·hm~(-2)污泥(W3)与钼尾矿配施对沙化潮土有机质(SOM)的提升效果最明显,SOM在玉米季W3+75 t·hm~(-2)(M1)处理显著增加了165.10%,在小麦季W3+M2处理显著增加了106.10%(P0.05);相比单施同一水平污泥,污泥与75 t·hm~(-2)钼尾矿配施下土壤0.25 mm水稳性团聚体(WR0.25)含量,平均质量直径(MWD)和几何平均直径(GMD)分别显著升高了38.04%~60.24%,28.45%~45.27%和41.34%~67.77%(P0.05),对促进土壤形成水稳性团聚体以及提高水稳性团聚体稳定性的作用更为突出;45 t·hm~(-2)污泥与75 t·hm~(-2)钼尾矿配施对沙化潮土微生物量碳(SMBC)和微生物量氮(SMBN)提升效果最明显,在玉米季分别显著提高了235.52%和156.79%(P0.05),在小麦季分别显著提高了249.24%和128.32%(P0.05);单施污泥和污泥配施75 t·hm~(-2)钼尾矿处理土壤微生物量熵(q MB)在玉米季和小麦季分别显著提高了21.95%~46.25%和36.38%~71.17%(P0.05)。但污泥与高量钼尾矿配施,SMBC、SMBN和q MB较单施同一水平污泥和与75 t·hm~(-2)钼尾矿配施的处理在玉米季分别下降了3.89%~19.85%、4.31%~17.86%和6.95%~33.47%,在小麦季分别下降了5.34%~23.24%、4.33%~28.08%和3.09%~32.33%,表明钼尾矿高量施用时会降低微生物活性。由灰色关联度分析方法得出,45 t·hm~(-2)无害化污泥与75 t·hm~(-2)钼尾矿配施(W3+M1)能显著提高沙化潮土SOM、SMBC、SMBN和q MB,并提高土壤平均质量直径(MWD)和几何平均直径(GMD),有效改善沙化潮土质量,在3年5季试验期间也未发现土壤和作物籽粒受到重金属污染。同时,W3+M1处理显著提升了土壤肥力等级至Ⅰ级,在此基础上,可以酌情不再施用污泥和钼尾矿。
[Abstract]:Taking sandy tidal soil under wheat-maize rotation system as the research object, the commercial sludge and molybdenum tailings products, which have been treated innocuously and meet the relevant national standards, were selected through the field positioning experiment of 3 years and 5 seasons from 2012 to 2015. The effects of harmless sludge and molybdenum tailings application on soil quality indexes of typical sandy tidal soils in China were studied, which provided theoretical and technical basis for the utilization of harmless sludge and molybdenum tailings. The results showed that the (SOM) of organic matter in sandy aquic soil treated with W _ (3) and Mo tailings was significantly increased by 165.10% (P0.05) in maize season and 106.10% (P0.05) in wheat season, respectively. The content of soil water stable aggregate (WR0.25) was 0.25mm under the combination of sludge and 75 t hm ~ (-2) molybdenum tailings. Mean mass diameter (MWD) and geometric mean diameter (GMD) were significantly increased by 38.04 ~ 60.24% and 45.27% and 41.34 ~ 67.77% (P0.05), respectively. The effects on soil formation of water-stable aggregates and stability of water-stable aggregates were more prominent than that of 45 t / h ~ (-2) sludge and 75 t / hm ~ (-2) molybdenum tailings. The enhancement effect of microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) and microbial biomass nitrogen (SMBN) on sandy tidal soil was the most obvious. The soil microbial biomass entropy (q MB) was significantly increased by 235.52% and 156.79% (P0.05) in maize season, 249.24% and 128.32% (P0.05) in wheat season, respectively, and the soil microbial biomass entropy (q MB) increased by 21.9546.25% and 36.3871.17% (P0.05) in maize season and wheat season respectively. However, the treatment of sludge combined with high molybdenum tailings with SMBCN and QMB at the same level and with 75 t hm ~ (-2) molybdenum tailings decreased by 3.89 ~ (19. 85)% and 6.95% respectively in corn season, and by 5.34 ~ 23.244.33 ~ (3)% and 3.0932 ~ (3)% in wheat season, respectively, indicating that the molybdenum tailings with high application amount was 28.08% and 3.0932.3333%, respectively. It reduces microbial activity. Based on grey correlation analysis, it was concluded that 45 t of harmless sludge and 75 t hm ~ (-2) molybdenum tailings (W3M1) could significantly improve the soil quality of sandy tidal soils, such as SMBN and Q MBs, and improved the soil mean mass diameter (MWD) and geometric mean diameter (GMD),). No heavy metal contamination was found in soil and crop grains during the 3-5-season trial. At the same time, the treatment of W3M1 significantly increased the soil fertility to grade 鈪，

本文编号：2195371