先秦儒家“天人合一”思想对生态文明建设的当代价值研究

发布时间：2018-08-26 12:54

【摘要】：先秦儒家“天人合一”思想是中华传统文化的精华,它历经两千余年的沧桑变迁流传至今,深刻的影响了一代又一代炎黄子孙。先秦儒家“天人合一”思想阐述了先贤对人与自然和谐相处的朴素认识,从对自然的认识,保护自然的重要性以及人们应采取的措施等多个层面对“天人”和谐进行了探索和理论建构,为人类社会的发展提供了生态文明方面的借鉴作用。研究并借鉴这一思想对我国今天进行的生态文明建设具有及其重要的现实意义和理论价值。论文共分四个部分:首先阐述选题的目的和意义。先秦儒家“天人合一”思想从《周易》发轫,经过孔子、孟子到荀子,蕴含了极为丰富的生态意识,为现代生态文明建设提供了丰厚的思想资源。然后总结梳理了先秦儒家“天人合一”思想形成、发展和演变的过程,概括了先秦儒家“天人合一”思想的主要内容及特点。孔孟荀等先秦儒家代表人物对“天人合一”思想有着不尽相同的阐述,但对于“天人合一”思想中包含的“天”、“人”和天人“合一”三个层面具有一定的共同认知。具有农业文明、民本主义与生态保护的统一、对生态的伦理关怀和教化与法律并重等四个特征。同时指出先秦儒家“天人合一”思想对于生态环境的改善有着积极的作用,但也因其时代条件不可避免的具有一定的局限性。之后,从现代生态文明意识的历史渊源、现实基础和主要内容三方面概述现代生态文明意识,阐述了生态文明建设的内涵与特点,指出我国的生态文明建设具有尊重自然,爱护环境的思想意识和人文生态情怀;以科学发展观为指导,走可持续发展道路;既有人与自然的和谐、也有人自身以及人与社会的和谐的特点。着重论述了生态文明建设与先秦儒家“天人合一”思想的渊源,主要有三方面内容即现代生态观的思想源头——“仁者爱物”;生态和谐的理论原则——“天地人”三材思想;合理利用自然规律的方法借鉴——“制天命而用之”。论文最后阐述了先秦儒家“天人合一”思想在生态文明建设中的价值:第一,“天人合一”的精神追求推进生态文明思想的确立;第二,“天人合一”的生态原则引导和谐生态文明环境的形成;第三,“天人合一”的制度构想完善生态文明系统的构建。论文运用文献分析、比较研究等方法阐述了先秦儒家“天人合一”思想中与现代生态文明建设的融合之处,论述了先秦儒家“天人合一”思想对生态文明建设的理论和实践借鉴意义,为今天的生态文明建设提供一个新的角度和借鉴。
[Abstract]:Pre-Qin Confucian thought of "harmony of nature and man" is the essence of Chinese traditional culture. It has been passed down through more than two thousand years of vicissitudes, and has deeply influenced generations of Chinese descendants. The pre-Qin Confucian thought of "harmony of nature and man" expounds the simple understanding of the harmony between man and nature, from the understanding of nature. The importance of protecting nature and the measures people should take have explored and constructed the harmony of Heaven and Man in many aspects, which has provided a reference for the development of human society in the aspect of ecological civilization. It is of great practical significance and theoretical value to study and draw lessons from this thought on the construction of ecological civilization in our country today. The thesis is divided into four parts: first, the purpose and significance of the topic are expounded. The pre-Qin Confucian thought of "harmony of nature and man" originated from the Book of changes. After Confucius, Mencius and Xunzi, it contained extremely rich ecological consciousness and provided rich ideological resources for the construction of modern ecological civilization. Then it summarizes the process of formation, development and evolution of the pre-Qin Confucian thought of "harmony of nature and man", and summarizes the main contents and characteristics of the thought of "harmony of nature and man" of pre-Qin Confucianism. Confucian representatives such as Confucius, Mencius and Xunzi have different interpretations of the thought of "the unity of nature and man", but they have a certain common understanding of the three levels of "heaven", "man" and "unity of heaven and man" contained in the thought of "harmony of nature and man". It has four characteristics: agricultural civilization, unity of people-oriented doctrine and ecological protection, ethical concern and education of ecology and equal emphasis on law. At the same time, it is pointed out that the pre-Qin Confucian thought of "harmony of nature and man" has a positive effect on the improvement of ecological environment, but it also has certain limitations inevitably because of its time conditions. After that, this paper summarizes the consciousness of modern ecological civilization from three aspects: historical origin, realistic foundation and main content, expounds the connotation and characteristics of the construction of ecological civilization, and points out that the construction of ecological civilization in our country has respect for nature. Under the guidance of the scientific development view, we should take the path of sustainable development. There are not only the harmony between man and nature, but also the characteristics of harmony between human beings and society. The origin of the construction of ecological civilization and the thought of "harmony of nature and man" in the pre-Qin Confucianism are discussed emphatically. There are three main contents: the source of modern ecological view, the theory principle of ecological harmony, the thought of "heaven, earth and man", the thought of "man in heaven and earth", the theory principle of ecological harmony, and the thought of "man in heaven and earth". The rational use of natural laws for reference-"to control the fate and use it." Finally, the paper expounds the value of the pre-Qin Confucian thought of "harmony of nature and man" in the construction of ecological civilization: first, the spiritual pursuit of "the unity of nature and man" to promote the establishment of the thought of ecological civilization; second, The ecological principle of "harmony of nature and man" leads to the formation of harmonious ecological civilization environment; third, the system of "harmony of nature and man" is conceived to perfect the construction of ecological civilization system. By means of literature analysis and comparative study, this paper expounds the integration of the thought of "harmony of nature and man" between pre-Qin Confucianism and the construction of modern ecological civilization. This paper discusses the theoretical and practical significance of the thought of "harmony of nature and man" for the construction of ecological civilization in pre-Qin Confucianism, and provides a new angle and reference for the construction of ecological civilization today.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D092;X2

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