人造革废水COD光电检测装置设计

发布时间：2018-08-31 11:39

【摘要】：针对COD(化学需氧量)传统化学法检测操作繁琐,易产生二次污染等缺陷,并结合目前浙江人造革企业密集、生产废水排量大、水质COD浓度高的行业背景,本文提出将检测速度快、准确度高的282nm特征波长法应用于人造革废水COD的测定,并设计一套装置实现其检测自动化。此外利用紫外光谱法代替传统化学法对装置COD预测模型进行校准,快速环保,进一步提高了装置的可靠性。本装置运行成本低,检测准确度高,适合在企业普及。本文主要研究内容如下：1介绍水质检测系统目前国内外的研究成果,并结合COD传统测量方法,探讨基于特征波长法检测,紫外光谱法校准的人造革废水COD光电检测装置设计的可行性与意义。2设计一套人造革废水COD光电检测装置,装置主要由光学检测系统、采样与处理系统、电气控制系统、PLC控制系统四部分组成。根据检测要求完成光学检测系统的元器件选型与组合,采样与处理系统的器件设计与机械搭建,实现电气控制系统对光学检测和水路流程的控制,并在此基础上完成PLC控制系统软件和硬件的设计。最后对PLC系统软件进行调试和仿真,验证该套装置能够实现自动化运行。3将取自温州、丽水等地几家不同人造革企业的废水水样,进行不同比例的稀释后等分,分别用国标法,紫外光谱扫描和装置的特征波长测定其COD化学值,光谱吸收峰面积和吸光度。根据所得数据建立两组预测模型,并利用紫外光谱法代替化学法校准本装置COD预测模型。4进行模型准确度检验。将16份人造革废水样品,用两种预测模型进行COD检测并将结果与国标法对比,误差都不超过5%,表示两种模型都有着较高的准确度,本装置的检测结果较为可靠。5用本装置的特征波长检测其它几种工业废水COD的吸光度,也得出它们与其COD化学值存在较好相关性的结论。之后研究温度、浊度、酸碱度对装置吸光度检测的影响,最后提出本装置几方面的性能指标,误差产生的可能原因及有待进一步改进的地方。
[Abstract]:Aiming at the defects of COD (chemical oxygen demand) traditional chemical method, such as cumbersome operation, easy to produce secondary pollution and so on, and combining with the industry background of dense leather enterprises in Zhejiang Province, large discharge of production wastewater and high concentration of water quality COD, etc. In this paper, the 282nm characteristic wavelength method with high detection speed and accuracy is applied to the determination of COD in artificial leather wastewater, and a set of equipment is designed to realize the automation of its detection. In addition, the COD prediction model of the device is calibrated by ultraviolet spectrum instead of the traditional chemical method, which can quickly protect the environment and further improve the reliability of the device. The device has low operating cost, high detection accuracy and is suitable for popularization in enterprises. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. The research results of water quality detection system at home and abroad are introduced, and combined with the traditional COD measurement method, the detection based on characteristic wavelength method is discussed. Feasibility and significance of designing COD photoelectric detector for artificial Leather Wastewater calibrated by Ultraviolet Spectroscopy .2 Design a set of COD photoelectric detection device for artificial leather wastewater, which is mainly composed of optical detection system, sampling and treatment system, Electric control system PLC control system is composed of four parts. According to the inspection requirements, the components selection and combination of the optical inspection system, the device design and mechanical construction of the sampling and processing system are completed, and the control of the optical detection and the waterway flow through the electrical control system is realized. On this basis, the software and hardware design of PLC control system is completed. Finally, the software of PLC system is debugged and simulated, and it is verified that the device can be operated automatically. 3. The waste water samples from several different artificial leather enterprises in Wenzhou, Lishui and other places will be divided equally by different proportions of dilution, and the national standard method will be used respectively. The COD chemical value, absorption peak area and absorbance were measured by UV scanning and the characteristic wavelength of the device. According to the obtained data, two groups of prediction models were established, and the accuracy of the model was tested by using ultraviolet spectrum method instead of chemical method to calibrate the COD prediction model of this device. In this paper, 16 samples of artificial leather waste water were detected by using two prediction models and the results were compared with the national standard method. The error was not more than 5, which indicated that the two models had high accuracy. The detection results of this device are reliable. 5 the absorbance of other industrial wastewater COD is detected by the characteristic wavelength of the device, and the conclusion that they have good correlation with the chemical value of COD is also obtained. The influence of temperature, turbidity and pH on the absorbance detection of the device is studied. Finally, the performance indexes of the device, the possible causes of the error and the place to be improved are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：中国计量学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：O657;X832

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