内蒙古达茂旗萤石矿区土壤重金属分布特征与复合污染评价

发布时间：2018-09-05 09:55

【摘要】：针对内蒙古达茂旗萤石矿开采导致的矿区土壤污染问题,选择采矿场、采石场、排土场、尾矿场内外和矿区周边草场等典型场地作为研究样地,采集土壤样品并测定Cd、Hg、As、Cu、Pb、Cr、Zn和Ni这8种重金属含量。利用土壤污染因子、内梅罗指数、土壤污染负荷指数和潜在生态风险指数对土壤污染程度进行分析和评价。结果表明,达茂旗矿区各场地土壤中Cu、Cd、Zn和As均不同程度地超过GB 15618—1995《土壤环境质量标准》3级标准。单一元素污染程度以Cd最严重,在各类场地中分布最广。主要的污染风险集中在尾矿场内外和排土场附近,以Cd、As和Hg最突出,其中尾矿场属于重点防控区。整体而言,达茂旗萤石矿区土壤污染范围相对集中,对周边居民活动区影响较小。
[Abstract]:Aiming at the problem of soil pollution caused by fluorite mining in Damao Banner, Inner Mongolia, the typical sites such as mining site, quarry, dump site, tailings field and grassland around the mining area are selected as sample sites. Soil samples were collected and the contents of eight heavy metals, Cd,Hg,As,Cu,Pb,Cr,Zn and Ni, were determined. Soil pollution degree was analyzed and evaluated by soil pollution factor, Nemero index, soil pollution load index and potential ecological risk index. The results showed that the Cu,Cd,Zn and As in each site of Damaoqi mine area were higher than that of GB 15618-1995 grade 3. Single element pollution is the most serious in Cd and most widely distributed in all kinds of sites. The main pollution risk is concentrated in the tailings field and near the dump, Cd,As and Hg are the most prominent, among which the tailings mine belongs to the key prevention and control area. On the whole, the soil pollution area of Damaoqi fluorite mine area is relatively concentrated, and has little influence on the surrounding residents' active area.
【作者单位】：南京大学环境学院污染控制与资源化利用国家重点实验室;环境保护部南京环境科学研究所;内蒙古科技大学生物工程与技术研究所;南京信息工程大学地理与遥感学院;
【基金】：国家科技基础性工作专项(2014FY110800) 国家自然科学基金(31460142) 中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2015M571663) 2015年度中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项
【分类号】：X825

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