阶段曝气后置反硝化AOA系统脱氮除磷效能研究
发布时间：2018-09-11 14:50
【摘要】：随着我国经济的高速发展,我国快速的城市化进程以及人民生活水平提高,使得我国城市生活污水排放量巨大,2013年已达到481.5亿吨,随着国家政策的引导以及关于污水治理投资的加大,我国城市污水处理率已达到89.1%,但依然存在较大缺口,同时我国严峻的水环境问题特别是湖泊水库的富营养化问题不容乐观。目前采用的前置反硝化技术需要大比例回流以满足脱氮需求,而后置反硝化多采用分段进水和厌氧区含有丰富碳源的污泥混合液分流技术,但会使得分流部分所含有的氨氮不能够被有效去除,影响效能提升。本研究主要分析以改变好氧曝气时长以及采用阶段曝气方式对传统后置反硝化AOA工艺脱氮除磷效能的影响。研究在此基础上运用阶段曝气后置反硝化AOA系统处理不同C/N废水,探讨阶段曝气后置反硝化AOA系统对不同C/N废水的处理效果,并设置序批实验对阶段曝气系统中污泥除磷特性进行分析,得出以下结论:研究表明通过缩短好氧曝气段水力停留时间,同时延长缺氧区水力停留时间,能够实现增强传统后置反硝化AOA工艺的脱氮性能的效果,但是缺氧段水力停留时间的延长,会使得污泥在进入回流系统前进入释磷环节,造成系统除磷效果出现下滑。本研究发现,在有氧曝气区域采用阶段曝气方式,可以有效提升传统后置反硝化AOA系统脱氮除磷效能,当厌氧:微氧:好氧:缺氧水力停留时间比例分别为1:2:1:1:1和1:1:1:2时,系统能够是实现对TN的平均去除效果分别为85.18%和89.90%,且系统除磷效果始终保持稳定,平均除磷效率分别为95.97%和94.37%。以阶段曝气方式启动连续流阶段曝气后置反硝化AOA反应器并运行80天,结果表明,系统COD和TP去除效果分别能达到90%以上。进水C/N比例分别为10:1、7.5:1和6:1时,氨氮的平均去除效率分别为97.48%、87.42%和72.09%,对TN的最大去除率分别为98.04%、90.26%和74.43%,对工艺各阶段运行稳定后的各污染物沿各阶段变化情况进行分析发现,随着C/N的下降,微氧区域对氨氮和TN去除减弱,而好氧区TN去除量得到增加,DO浓度并不是限制同步硝化反硝化(SND)进行的唯一因素,当氨氮浓度较高时,在高DO条件下更容易发生SND过程。同时研究还发现微氧区在氨氮达到一定浓度时其聚磷活动会受到抑制。序批实验发现阶段曝气AOA系统污泥中含有一定量能够利用亚硝酸盐作为电子受体的反硝化聚磷菌。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of our economy, the rapid process of urbanization and the improvement of people's living standard, the discharge of municipal domestic sewage has reached 48.15 billion tons in 2013. With the guidance of national policy and the increase of investment in sewage treatment, the treatment rate of urban sewage in China has reached 89.1, but there is still a big gap. At the same time, the serious water environment problem, especially the eutrophication of lakes and reservoirs, is not optimistic. The current pre-denitrification technology needs a large proportion of reflux to meet the demand for denitrification, while the post-denitrification technology mostly adopts the separation technology of sludge mixture containing abundant carbon source in the stage influent and anaerobic zone. However, the ammonia nitrogen contained in the shunt part can not be effectively removed, which will affect the efficiency improvement. The effects of aerobic aeration duration and stage aeration on the denitrification and phosphorus removal efficiency of traditional post-nitrifying AOA process were analyzed in this study. On this basis, the treatment of different C / N wastewater by stage aeration post-denitrification AOA system was studied, and the effect of stage aeration post-denitrification AOA system on different C / N wastewater was discussed. The characteristics of sludge phosphorus removal in stage aeration system are analyzed by sequencing batch experiment. The following conclusions are drawn: the study shows that the hydraulic retention time of aerobic aeration section is shortened and the hydraulic retention time in anoxic zone is prolonged at the same time. It can enhance the denitrification performance of the traditional post-denitrification AOA process, but the prolongation of the hydraulic retention time in the anoxic stage will make sludge enter the phosphorus release process before entering the reflux system, resulting in the decline of the phosphorus removal effect of the system. It was found that the efficiency of denitrification and phosphorus removal in the traditional post-denitrifying AOA system could be effectively enhanced by using stage aeration in the aerobic aeration area. When the HRT ratios of anaerobic: microaerobic: aerobic to anoxic were 1: 2: 1: 1: 1 and 1: 1: 1: 2, respectively, The average removal efficiency of TN was 85.18% and 89.90 respectively, and the phosphorus removal efficiency was 95.97% and 94.37%, respectively. The continuous aeration post-aeration AOA reactor was started by stage aeration and operated for 80 days. The results showed that the removal efficiency of COD and TP in the system could reach more than 90% respectively. When the influent C / N ratio was 10: 1 / 7. 5: 1 and 6:1, respectively, the average removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen was 97.48% and 72.09%, respectively. The maximum removal rate of TN was 98.040.26% and 74.43%, respectively. With the decrease of C / N, the removal of ammonia nitrogen and TN was weakened in the micro-oxygen region, but the increase of TN removal in aerobic zone was not the only factor limiting the simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND). Under the condition of high DO, SND process is more likely to occur. At the same time, it was found that the activity of phosphorus accumulation in the micro-oxygen region was inhibited when the ammonia nitrogen reached a certain concentration. It was found in sequencing batch experiment that there was a certain amount of denitrifying phosphorus accumulating bacteria which could use nitrite as electron acceptor in sludge of aeration AOA system.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703
本文编号：2237007
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of our economy, the rapid process of urbanization and the improvement of people's living standard, the discharge of municipal domestic sewage has reached 48.15 billion tons in 2013. With the guidance of national policy and the increase of investment in sewage treatment, the treatment rate of urban sewage in China has reached 89.1, but there is still a big gap. At the same time, the serious water environment problem, especially the eutrophication of lakes and reservoirs, is not optimistic. The current pre-denitrification technology needs a large proportion of reflux to meet the demand for denitrification, while the post-denitrification technology mostly adopts the separation technology of sludge mixture containing abundant carbon source in the stage influent and anaerobic zone. However, the ammonia nitrogen contained in the shunt part can not be effectively removed, which will affect the efficiency improvement. The effects of aerobic aeration duration and stage aeration on the denitrification and phosphorus removal efficiency of traditional post-nitrifying AOA process were analyzed in this study. On this basis, the treatment of different C / N wastewater by stage aeration post-denitrification AOA system was studied, and the effect of stage aeration post-denitrification AOA system on different C / N wastewater was discussed. The characteristics of sludge phosphorus removal in stage aeration system are analyzed by sequencing batch experiment. The following conclusions are drawn: the study shows that the hydraulic retention time of aerobic aeration section is shortened and the hydraulic retention time in anoxic zone is prolonged at the same time. It can enhance the denitrification performance of the traditional post-denitrification AOA process, but the prolongation of the hydraulic retention time in the anoxic stage will make sludge enter the phosphorus release process before entering the reflux system, resulting in the decline of the phosphorus removal effect of the system. It was found that the efficiency of denitrification and phosphorus removal in the traditional post-denitrifying AOA system could be effectively enhanced by using stage aeration in the aerobic aeration area. When the HRT ratios of anaerobic: microaerobic: aerobic to anoxic were 1: 2: 1: 1: 1 and 1: 1: 1: 2, respectively, The average removal efficiency of TN was 85.18% and 89.90 respectively, and the phosphorus removal efficiency was 95.97% and 94.37%, respectively. The continuous aeration post-aeration AOA reactor was started by stage aeration and operated for 80 days. The results showed that the removal efficiency of COD and TP in the system could reach more than 90% respectively. When the influent C / N ratio was 10: 1 / 7. 5: 1 and 6:1, respectively, the average removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen was 97.48% and 72.09%, respectively. The maximum removal rate of TN was 98.040.26% and 74.43%, respectively. With the decrease of C / N, the removal of ammonia nitrogen and TN was weakened in the micro-oxygen region, but the increase of TN removal in aerobic zone was not the only factor limiting the simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND). Under the condition of high DO, SND process is more likely to occur. At the same time, it was found that the activity of phosphorus accumulation in the micro-oxygen region was inhibited when the ammonia nitrogen reached a certain concentration. It was found in sequencing batch experiment that there was a certain amount of denitrifying phosphorus accumulating bacteria which could use nitrite as electron acceptor in sludge of aeration AOA system.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703
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