微生物同步异养硝化好氧反硝化脱氮技术研究

发布时间：2018-09-19 08:25

【摘要】：同步异养硝化好氧反硝化(Heterotrophic Nitrification and Aerobic Denitrification, SND)是一种新型生物脱氮技术,不但可以同时去除污水中的氮和碳,且在反硝化过程中不必额外投加碳源,可实现在同一反应器中完成硝化反硝化过程,将氨氮直接转化为气态氮化合物而排出,解决了传统废水处理工艺在经济适用方面与处理效率之间的矛盾,另外硝化反硝化过程中产生的部分酸和碱可相互中和,减少了缓冲剂的用量。但SND也存在一些问题,如难以在好氧反硝化过程中完全消耗异养硝化过程产物,易造成中间产物的积累,使得难以实现对运行过程的控制。另外SND对高浓度氨氮含盐废水处理及其脱氮机理也有待进一步探究。本文为获得处理高浓度氨氮含盐废水的高效SND脱氮菌株,从盐池底泥中分离筛选出一株SND脱氮菌株,进行形态观察16S rDNA分析鉴定,命名为Halomonas sp. K01。考察了碳源种类、C/N、初始pH和氨氮浓度对Halomonas sp. K01 SND脱氮的影响：有机碳源丁二酸钠有利于脱氮；适宜的C/N为5,；在初始pH 7.5-9这个范围内均呈现较高的脱氮率；当氨氮浓度为10000 mg/L时,12 d平均降解速率最高。表明菌株K01能够以SND方式高效去除高浓度氨氮含盐废水中的氨氮。且脱氮过程中未检测出硝酸根、亚硝酸根以及羟胺,说明没有中间产物积累。Halomonas spK01对高浓度氨氮有较强耐受性,且具有较高的脱氮率和脱氮速率。对垃圾渗滤液主要成分进行解析,探究了菌株K01与Z08在垃圾渗滤液中生长及对垃圾渗滤液处理效果。Halomonas sp.K01是一株中度嗜盐菌,具有耐盐性,在10000 mg/L的高浓度氨氮下具有较高耐受性。能够以同步异养硝化好氧反硝化方式高效脱氮,在高浓度氨氮废水的净化处理中具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:Simultaneous heterotrophic nitrification aerobic denitrification (Heterotrophic Nitrification and Aerobic Denitrification, SND) is a new biological denitrification technology, which can not only remove nitrogen and carbon from wastewater simultaneously, but also do not need additional carbon source in denitrification process. The process of nitrification and denitrification can be completed in the same reactor, and ammonia nitrogen can be directly transformed into gaseous nitrogen compounds and discharged. The contradiction between the economic application of traditional wastewater treatment process and the treatment efficiency is solved. In addition, some acids and bases produced during nitrification and denitrification can neutralize each other, reducing the amount of buffer. However, there are some problems in SND, such as it is difficult to completely consume the products of heterotrophic nitrification in aerobic denitrification process, and it is easy to cause the accumulation of intermediate products, which makes it difficult to control the operation process. In addition, the treatment and denitrification mechanism of high-concentration ammonia-nitrogen-containing wastewater by SND should be further explored. In order to obtain a high efficiency SND denitrification strain for the treatment of high concentration ammonia-nitrogen salt containing wastewater, a SND denitrification strain was isolated from the sediment of the salt pond and identified by morphological observation 16s rDNA analysis and named Halomonas sp.. K01. The carbon source species C / N, initial pH and ammonia-nitrogen concentration on Halomonas sp. were investigated. The effect of K01 SND nitrogen removal: organic carbon source sodium succinate is favorable for denitrification, the suitable C / N is 5, the denitrification rate is higher in the range of initial pH 7.5-9, and the average degradation rate is the highest in 12 days when the concentration of ammonia nitrogen is 10000 mg/L. The results showed that strain K01 could effectively remove ammonia nitrogen from high concentration wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen by SND. No nitrate, nitrite and hydroxylamine were detected during denitrification, which indicated that there was no intermediate product accumulation. Halomonas spK01 had strong tolerance to high concentration of ammonia nitrogen, and had higher denitrification rate and denitrification rate. The main components of landfill leachate were analyzed. The growth of strains K01 and Z08 in landfill leachate and the effect of treatment of landfill leachate. Halomonas sp.K01 was a moderately halophilic bacterium with salt tolerance. It has high tolerance at 10000 mg/L high concentration of ammonia nitrogen. High efficiency denitrification can be achieved by simultaneous heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification, which is of great significance in the purification and treatment of high concentration ammonia-nitrogen wastewater.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703;X172

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