我国空气污染跨行政区域网格化治理研究

发布时间：2018-10-12 14:41

【摘要】：环境污染是工业发展进程中难以避免的难题。近几年来,由于我国以粗放型增长方式推进工业化和城市化高速发展,环境问题日益突出。特别是最近两年,全国各地纷纷大范围爆发雾霾天气,空气质量指数急剧下降,严重影响到人们的生产生活,空气治理迫在眉睫。由于空气的流动性和行政区划分割间的矛盾,不同的政府在空气污染治理的博弈中难以形成良性合作,为了避免地方保护主义,充分整合资源,跨区域治理成为化解空气污染问题的可行视角。经过对我国现有大气污染区域联防联控治理模式的分析,得出区域联防联控模式难以达成长效治理的原因在于跨区域之间难以进行利益协调。由于缺乏对空气环境和污染行为的精确化监测和信息的及时共享,导致区域联防联控治理的粗略性和滞后性弊端,使得跨区域政府之间相互推脱治理责任,无法维持长效治理。网格化无缝隙和即时监控可以有效解决上述问题,因此本文试图采用网格化治理的相关思想,对跨区域空气污染问题进行治理的构想。本文依据空气质量演变的规律,将空气污染网格化治理的逻辑梳理为空气质量的网格化监测、空气污染的网格化预警、空气污染的网格化处理和空气质量的网格化维持。并在每个治理环节,运用网格化治理的思想,采用网格的网聚、维格、协同和共享的四大要点,对每个环节的空气治理进行网格化设计。接下来,本文采取总分的方式对空气污染跨区域网格化治理的设计进行论证,首先对该设计进行总体论证。然后依据监测的系统性要求、预警的精确性要求、处理的先进性要求和维持的可持续性要求对该设计的网格化监测、网格化预警、网格化处理和网格化维持进行子环节的论证。本文的创新之处在于采用网格化治理的思想对空气污染的跨区域治理提出构想,通过网格整合跨区域范围内的不同控制域的各种资源,协调各种利益相关者,达成跨区域空气治理的动态虚拟组织中各种资源的协作和共享,形成长效的空气污染跨区域网格化治理。
[Abstract]:Environmental pollution is an unavoidable problem in the process of industrial development. In recent years, due to the extensive growth mode to promote the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, environmental problems have become increasingly prominent. Especially in the last two years, haze weather broke out all over the country, and the air quality index dropped sharply, which seriously affected people's production and life. Due to the contradiction between air mobility and division of administrative divisions, it is difficult for different governments to form positive cooperation in the game of air pollution control. In order to avoid local protectionism and fully integrate resources, Cross-regional governance has become a feasible angle of view to resolve air pollution problems. Based on the analysis of the current air pollution control model in China, it is concluded that it is difficult to achieve long-term control of regional joint prevention and control mode because of the difficulty of inter-regional coordination of interests. Due to the lack of accurate monitoring of air environment and pollution behavior and timely sharing of information, it leads to the cursory and lagging drawbacks of the joint control of regional interdefense, which makes inter-regional governments shirk their responsibilities of governance and can not maintain long-term effective governance. Gridded seamless and real-time monitoring can effectively solve the above problems, so this paper attempts to use the relevant ideas of gridding to solve the cross-regional air pollution problem. According to the law of air quality evolution, the logic of air pollution grid treatment is sorted out as air quality grid monitoring, air pollution grid warning, air pollution grid treatment and air quality maintenance. Using the idea of grid governance and the four main points of grid convergence, dimension, cooperation and sharing, the air governance of each link is designed in grid. Then, this paper demonstrates the design of cross-area gridding control of air pollution in the way of total score. First, the design of the design is demonstrated as a whole. Then according to the systematic requirements of monitoring, the accuracy requirements of early warning, the advanced requirements of processing and sustainability requirements of the design of the grid monitoring, grid early warning, grid processing and grid maintenance of the sub-links. The innovation of this paper lies in adopting the idea of gridding to put forward the idea of cross-regional control of air pollution, integrating all kinds of resources in different control areas across regions through grid, and coordinating various stakeholders. In order to achieve the cooperation and sharing of various resources in the dynamic virtual organization of cross-regional air management, a long-lasting cross-regional gridding of air pollution is formed.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X51;D630

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