SBBR单级自养脱氮工艺启动及其脱氮性能研究
发布时间：2018-10-15 06:33
【摘要】：相对于传统的硝化反硝化工艺,单级自养脱氮工艺能节约100%有机物,节省60%供氧量,同时其污泥产量仅为传统脱氮工艺污泥产量的10%,因此单级自养脱氮工艺是低能耗的生物脱氮工艺,这将大幅度降低C/N比废水的处理成本,例如,垃圾渗滤液,养殖废水,污泥消化液和焦化废水等。然而由于厌氧氨氧化菌的低生长速率以及低产率,单级自养脱氮工艺通常需要经过长时间的启动过程,所以该工艺的推广应用受到了限制。本论文以普通活性污泥为接种污泥,在序批式生物膜反应器内研究了单级自养脱氮工艺的快速启动,优化了单级自养脱氮工艺的启动过程,有效地缩短了单级自养脱氮工艺的启动时间,利用PCR-DGGE技术鉴定了单级自养脱氮系统内的优势菌群,研究了曝气量对单级自养脱氮系统脱氮效率的影响。主要结论如下:(1)以普通活性污泥为接种污泥,在SBBR内在连续供氧的情况下首先实现部分短程硝化,然后再以间歇供氧的方式启动厌氧氨氧化的启动策略可在50d之内成功启动单级自养脱氮工艺。成功启反应器后,氨氮容积去除负荷达到0.17kg N/(m3·d),氨氮的平均去除率为98.68%,总氮的平均去除率达到80.87%。(2)单级自养脱氮工艺的启动,长期稳定的部分亚硝化阶段不是必须的,减少部分亚硝化阶段可以有效缩短单级自养脱氮工艺的启动时间。本实验中,当亚硝酸盐积累率达到63%,氨氮去除率达到84%时,立即将供氧方式由连续曝气改为停曝比为2:2的间歇曝气,间歇曝气避免了亚硝酸盐浓度的升高,防止了高浓度亚硝酸盐对An AOB的抑制作用,并使得厌氧氨氧化菌的富集与亚硝酸盐氧化菌的淘汰同时进行,有利于反应器的快速启动。(3)在单级自养脱氮系统内,优势菌为浮霉菌门下的Candidatus Brocadia和β-变形菌纲的下Nitrosomonas。(4)曝气量由48L/h增至88L/h过程中,单级自养脱氮系统运行稳定,氨氮的去除速率随之升高,总氮的平均去除负荷由0.29 kg N/(m3·d)提高至0.57 kg-N/(m3·d),亚硝化反应是脱氮过程的限速步骤。
[Abstract]:Compared with the traditional nitrification and denitrification process, the single-stage autotrophic denitrification process can save 100% organic matter and 60% oxygen supply. At the same time, the sludge output is only 10% of that of the traditional denitrification process, so the single-stage autotrophic denitrification process is a low energy consumption biological nitrogen removal process, which will greatly reduce the cost of C / N ratio wastewater treatment, such as landfill leachate, aquaculture wastewater, Sludge digestion fluid and coking wastewater. However, because of the low growth rate and low yield of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, the single-stage autotrophic denitrification process usually takes a long time to start, so the application of this process is limited. In this paper, the start-up of single stage autotrophic nitrogen removal process was studied in a sequencing batch biofilm reactor, and the start-up process of single stage autotrophic nitrogen removal process was optimized. The start-up time of single stage autotrophic denitrification process was shortened effectively. The dominant flora in single stage autotrophic denitrification system was identified by PCR-DGGE technique, and the effect of aeration rate on denitrification efficiency of single stage autotrophic denitrification system was studied. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) with ordinary activated sludge as inoculation sludge, partial short-cut nitrification was first realized under the condition of continuous oxygen supply in SBBR. Then the start-up strategy of anaerobic ammonia oxidation was initiated by intermittent oxygen supply. The single stage autotrophic denitrification process could be successfully started within 50 days. After the successful start-up of the reactor, the volumetric removal load of ammonia nitrogen reached 0.17kg N / (m 3 d), ammonia nitrogen removal rate was 98.68 and the average removal rate of total nitrogen reached 80.87. (2) the start-up of single-stage autotrophic denitrification process, long-term stable partial nitrification stage is not necessary. The start-up time of single stage autotrophic denitrification process can be effectively shortened by reducing partial nitrosation stage. In this experiment, when the nitrite accumulation rate reached 63 and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate reached 84, the oxygen supply mode was immediately changed from continuous aeration to intermittent aeration with a stop aeration ratio of 2:2, and the increase of nitrite concentration was avoided by intermittent aeration. It can prevent the inhibitory effect of high concentration nitrite on An AOB, and make the enrichment of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and the elimination of nitrite oxidation bacteria at the same time. (3) in the single-stage autotrophic denitrification system, it is beneficial to the rapid start-up of the reactor. In the process of increasing the aeration rate of Candidatus Brocadia and Nitrosomonas. (4) from 48L/h to 88L/h, the single stage autotrophic nitrogen removal system was stable, and the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen increased. The average removal load of total nitrogen was increased from 0.29 kg N / (m3 d) to 0.57 kg-N/ (m 3 d), nitrification was the rate-limiting step in the denitrification process).
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703.1
本文编号：2271668
[Abstract]:Compared with the traditional nitrification and denitrification process, the single-stage autotrophic denitrification process can save 100% organic matter and 60% oxygen supply. At the same time, the sludge output is only 10% of that of the traditional denitrification process, so the single-stage autotrophic denitrification process is a low energy consumption biological nitrogen removal process, which will greatly reduce the cost of C / N ratio wastewater treatment, such as landfill leachate, aquaculture wastewater, Sludge digestion fluid and coking wastewater. However, because of the low growth rate and low yield of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, the single-stage autotrophic denitrification process usually takes a long time to start, so the application of this process is limited. In this paper, the start-up of single stage autotrophic nitrogen removal process was studied in a sequencing batch biofilm reactor, and the start-up process of single stage autotrophic nitrogen removal process was optimized. The start-up time of single stage autotrophic denitrification process was shortened effectively. The dominant flora in single stage autotrophic denitrification system was identified by PCR-DGGE technique, and the effect of aeration rate on denitrification efficiency of single stage autotrophic denitrification system was studied. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) with ordinary activated sludge as inoculation sludge, partial short-cut nitrification was first realized under the condition of continuous oxygen supply in SBBR. Then the start-up strategy of anaerobic ammonia oxidation was initiated by intermittent oxygen supply. The single stage autotrophic denitrification process could be successfully started within 50 days. After the successful start-up of the reactor, the volumetric removal load of ammonia nitrogen reached 0.17kg N / (m 3 d), ammonia nitrogen removal rate was 98.68 and the average removal rate of total nitrogen reached 80.87. (2) the start-up of single-stage autotrophic denitrification process, long-term stable partial nitrification stage is not necessary. The start-up time of single stage autotrophic denitrification process can be effectively shortened by reducing partial nitrosation stage. In this experiment, when the nitrite accumulation rate reached 63 and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate reached 84, the oxygen supply mode was immediately changed from continuous aeration to intermittent aeration with a stop aeration ratio of 2:2, and the increase of nitrite concentration was avoided by intermittent aeration. It can prevent the inhibitory effect of high concentration nitrite on An AOB, and make the enrichment of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and the elimination of nitrite oxidation bacteria at the same time. (3) in the single-stage autotrophic denitrification system, it is beneficial to the rapid start-up of the reactor. In the process of increasing the aeration rate of Candidatus Brocadia and Nitrosomonas. (4) from 48L/h to 88L/h, the single stage autotrophic nitrogen removal system was stable, and the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen increased. The average removal load of total nitrogen was increased from 0.29 kg N / (m3 d) to 0.57 kg-N/ (m 3 d), nitrification was the rate-limiting step in the denitrification process).
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703.1
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 张小玲,王志盈,彭党聪,王晓昌;低溶解氧下活性污泥法的短程硝化研究[J];中国给水排水;2003年07期
，本文编号：2271668
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/huanjinggongchenglunwen/2271668.html
最近更新
教材专著
