基于LCED的报废汽车回收体系的研究与实现

发布时间：2018-10-16 20:51

【摘要】：进入二十一世纪后,汽车产业飞速发展,汽车保有量剧增,资源与环境之间的矛盾逐渐凸显。我国即将步入中等收入水平国家行列。在此期间,大量汽车将进入人们的日常生活中。而汽车保有量的进一步增大,不可避免地会有相当数量的汽车进入“老年期”,直至废弃。这些废旧的汽车并不是一无是处,而是没有被合理的利用,由此导致能源重复消耗、资源浪费及二次环境污染问题,并直接影响汽车产业的正常发展。因此,当汽车到达其使用年限时,将会对其进行回收处理,所以新汽车进入社会愈多,随之而来的是年报废汽车也将会增多,报废汽车对人们生活、健康和环境的影响变得日益严重。此外,我国早已提出的可持续发展战略,节约资源和能源,提高废旧产品的回收再利用已经变得迫在眉睫,所以报废汽车的回收再利用受到了政府及社会的高度重视。本文对报废汽车回收再利用进行了系统而又深刻的研究。论文首先对报废汽车的回收再利用做了分析,提出并强调报废汽车回收再利用的重要意义,对国内外报废汽车回收再利用现状进行陈述和说明,而后针对我国现状及存在的问题,提出了相应的措施。其次,通过对汽车回收理论的研究,建立了基于LCED的报废汽车回收评价体系。分别从汽车产品设计的经济性、环境性和技术性三个方面,阐述了报废汽车应该达到的重要目标。建立汽车拆解模型,利用遗传算法不断对拆解模型优化,从而获得最经济的拆解序列;通过ISO14000的LCA评价报废汽车环境性以及通过模糊层次分析法评价报废汽车技术性。以便为汽车生产企业在汽车设计阶段提供参考,另外还能为汽车零部件的回收提供依据。最后,建立了基于MySQL的报废汽车回收系统数据库。使用该评价系统建立的数据库可以提供报废汽车在经济性、环境性和技术性方面优缺点,不但可以为报废汽车在回收阶段的评价提出一定的意见,而且可以反馈到其初始设计生产阶段,为设计生产提供反馈信息,从而促使设计师进行改进。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of automobile industry in 21 century, the contradiction between resources and environment is becoming more and more serious. China is about to step into the ranks of middle-income countries. During this period, a large number of cars will enter people's daily life. However, with the further increase of vehicle ownership, a considerable number of cars will inevitably enter the "old age" until they are abandoned. These used cars are not useless, but are not used reasonably, which leads to repeated energy consumption, waste of resources and secondary environmental pollution, which directly affects the normal development of automobile industry. Therefore, when the car reaches its annual limit of use, it will be recycled, so the more new cars enter society, the more end-of-life cars will follow. Health and environmental impacts are becoming increasingly serious. In addition, the sustainable development strategy that our country has put forward for a long time, saving resources and energy, improving the recycling and reuse of waste products has become urgent, so the government and society attach great importance to the recycling and reuse of end-of-life vehicles. This paper makes a systematic and profound study on the recycling and reuse of end-of-life vehicles. First of all, the paper analyzes the recycling and reuse of end-of-life vehicles, puts forward and emphasizes the importance of recycling and reuse of end-of-life vehicles, and states and explains the current situation of recycling and reuse of end-of-life vehicles at home and abroad. Then according to the present situation and existing problems of our country, the corresponding measures are put forward. Secondly, through the research on the theory of automobile recycling, the evaluation system of scrap car recycling based on LCED is established. From the aspects of economy, environment and technology of automobile product design, this paper expounds the important goals that should be achieved for scrapped automobile. The model of automobile disassembly is established and the most economical disassembly sequence is obtained by using genetic algorithm to optimize the model. The environmental property of scrapped vehicle is evaluated by LCA of ISO14000 and the technology of scrapping vehicle is evaluated by fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP). In order to provide reference for automobile manufacturing enterprises in automobile design stage, and also provide basis for auto parts recovery. Finally, the database of scrap car recovery system based on MySQL is established. The database established by the evaluation system can provide advantages and disadvantages in economy, environmental and technical aspects, not only for the evaluation of end-of-life vehicles in the recycling stage, but also for some suggestions. Moreover, it can feed back to the initial design and production stage, and provide feedback information for the design and production, thus prompting designers to improve.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X734.2

【引证文献】