典型油田多环芳烃污染对土壤反硝化微生物群落结构的影响

发布时间：2018-10-23 08:45

【摘要】：油田区土壤具有潜在的PAHs(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons)污染风险,而以硝酸根为电子受体的反硝化作用可能在PAHs的厌氧代谢中起到重要作用.以具有50多年历史的江汉油田区域为对象,从该油田的油井口附近采集了9个土壤样品,编号为JH-1~JH-9,以反硝化相关的nir K(Cu-亚硝酸还原酶基因)和nirS(细胞色素cd1-亚硝酸还原酶基因)为分子标识,通过定量PCR及克隆文库结合T-RFLP(terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism)的方法,研究典型油田区土壤反硝化微生物的群落结构,并探讨其与土壤环境因子之间的关系.结果表明,该油田区土壤中nirK基因的丰度高于nirS基因,PAHs含量最高的土壤样品(JH-4)中反硝化功能基因nir K和nir S的丰度均最低,相关性分析表明,土壤nir K及nirS基因的丰度均与土壤PAHs含量呈显著负相关(nirK:R2=0.54,P0.05;nirS:R~2=0.58,P0.05).克隆文库及T-RFLP的结果则表明,该油田土壤中nirK基因的群落组成在不同样品间的变异较大,且PAHs含量最高的JH-4中该基因的群落组成与其它各样品有明显的不同,RDA(redundancy analysis)的分析结果进一步表明除有效氮、有效磷外,土壤PAHs含量也是影响nirK型反硝化微生物群落组成的重要因子.相较于nirK,该油田区土壤中nirS基因的群落组成在不同样品间的差异较小,但发现nirS型假单胞菌的丰度与土壤PAHs含量呈正相关,表明具备较强有机污染物降解能力的假单胞菌属可能在该区域土壤PAHs的反硝化代谢中起到重要作用.
[Abstract]:Soil in oilfield area has potential risk of PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) pollution, and denitrification with nitrate as electron receptor may play an important role in anaerobic metabolism of PAHs. Nine soil samples were collected from the area of Jianghan Oilfield, which has a history of more than 50 years. JH-1~JH-9, was labeled by denitrification-related nir K (Cu- nitrite reductase gene and nirS (cytochrome cd1- nitrite reductase gene). T-RFLP (terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism) was combined with quantitative PCR and clone library. The community structure of soil denitrification microorganisms in typical oilfields was studied and the relationship between denitrification microorganism and soil environmental factors was discussed. The results showed that the abundance of nirK gene in soil was higher than that of nirS gene in the soil of this oilfield area, and the abundance of nir K and nir S in the soil samples with the highest PAHs content (JH-4) was the lowest. The correlation analysis showed that the abundance of nir K and nir S was the lowest in the soil samples with the highest PAHs content. The abundance of nir K and nirS genes was negatively correlated with soil PAHs content (nirK:R2=0.54,P0.05;nirS:R~2=0.58,P0.05). The results of clone library and T-RFLP showed that the community composition of nirK gene in the soil of the oilfield varied greatly among different samples. The community composition of this gene in JH-4 with the highest PAHs content was significantly different from that of other samples. The results of, RDA (redundancy analysis) analysis further indicated that there were not only available nitrogen and available phosphorus, but also available nitrogen and phosphorus. Soil PAHs content is also an important factor affecting the composition of nirK denitrification microbial community. Compared with nirK, the community composition of nirS gene in soil of nirK, oil field area showed little difference among different samples, but it was found that the abundance of nirS type Pseudomonas was positively correlated with the content of PAHs in soil. It was suggested that Pseudomonas with strong ability to degrade organic pollutants might play an important role in the denitrification metabolism of soil PAHs in this region.
【作者单位】： 西南大学资源环境学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41371477) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2014B047)
【分类号】：X172;X53

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