生态文明建设中公众参与主体问题研究

发布时间：2018-10-24 08:08

【摘要】：生态文明建设关乎人民的福祉,是全体人民共同的事业。为了充分发挥广大人民群众在生态文明建设中的积极作用,我国引入了源于西方政治土壤的公众参与制度。公众参与理念在生态文明建设中的践行,既要借鉴西方公众参与制度的合理内核,又要具有保障和维护广大人民群众生态权益的现实关怀。因此,必须以马克思主义群众观作为研究和解决生态文明建设中公众参与问题的根本指导思想。我国生态文明建设中的公众参与的理论探讨、制度设计和实际践行尚处在初级阶段,还存在一些争议和问题。其中最具实践意义的问题就是生态文明建设中公众参与主体的界定、角色定位和功能发挥问题。本文认为,应该根据利益相关原则、广泛性原则和公平正义原则,对生态文明建设中公众参与主体进行明确界定,从而为自然人、行政机关工作人员、专家等个人和各类组织主体在具体情境中获取参与资格提供依据。相对于政府组织者、项目建设者以及提供专业知识咨询服务的专家而言,公众在生态文明建设中承担的是生态信息提供者、生态权益维护者、环境立法者、制定执行环境法律与决策的监督者等角色。生态文明建设中公众参与主体的主要功能在于维护公众自身的生态权益、赋予环境管理政治正当性、促进环境立法和决策的科学化、确保环境立法和决策的民主性和缓解生态利益冲突等。为了这些功能的充分发挥,我们应该以群众观为根本指针,采取一些积极的应对策略。
[Abstract]:The construction of ecological civilization is related to the well-being of the people and the common cause of all the people. In order to give full play to the positive role of the broad masses in the construction of ecological civilization, China has introduced the system of public participation from the western political soil. The practice of the idea of public participation in the construction of ecological civilization should not only draw lessons from the rational core of western public participation system, but also have the realistic concern of protecting and safeguarding the ecological rights and interests of the broad masses of the people. Therefore, the Marxist view of the masses must be taken as the fundamental guiding ideology to study and solve the problem of public participation in the construction of ecological civilization. The theory of public participation in the construction of ecological civilization in China, the system design and practical practice are still in the primary stage, there are still some disputes and problems. The most practical problem is the definition, role orientation and function of public participation in the construction of ecological civilization. In this paper, we should clearly define the main body of public participation in the construction of ecological civilization according to the principles of interest correlation, universality and fairness and justice, so as to be natural persons and staff members of administrative organs. Experts and other individuals and various organizational subjects in specific situations to obtain participation qualifications to provide the basis. Compared to government organizers, project builders and experts who provide professional knowledge consulting services, the public is responsible for ecological information providers, ecological rights defenders, environmental legislators in the construction of ecological civilization. The role of supervisor in formulating and enforcing environmental laws and decisions. The main function of public participation in the construction of ecological civilization is to safeguard the ecological rights and interests of the public, to give political legitimacy to environmental management, and to promote the scientization of environmental legislation and decision-making. To ensure the democratic nature of environmental legislation and decision-making and to alleviate conflicts of ecological interests. In order to give full play to these functions, we should take the mass view as the basic guideline and take some positive countermeasures.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X32;D621.5

【共引文献】