生物质炭与活性炭吸附染料的行为研究

发布时间：2018-10-30 16:29

【摘要】：随着纺织行业的迅速发展,印染废水引发的污染问题日益严重。废水中的染料结构复杂且性质稳定,难于自然降解,释放到环境中将对公众健康构成严重威胁。生物质炭富含多孔结构和表面官能团,常用于吸附去除污染物。相比于商品化的活性炭,生物质炭更廉价易得。本研究将讨论生物质炭的吸附特性与活性炭之间的差别,并探讨生物质炭用于废水中染料污染去除的可行性。本文研究了杉木源生物质炭(BC)和商业活性炭(AC)对水溶液中孔雀石绿(MG)和酸性橙Ⅱ(AOⅡ)的吸附行为。采用平衡吸附法,通过一系列的试验,考察在不同反应时间、振荡强度、温度、p H和盐度等条件下,两种不同的炭对模拟废水中的阴阳离子型染料的吸附性能,并探讨了其吸附机理。主要研究内容及结果如下:1.当pH值从3.0增加到9.0时,两种炭对孔雀石绿的吸附量随pH值增大而增加,而对酸性橙Ⅱ的吸附量均不同程度的降低;适当的盐浓度有利于生物质炭和活性炭对孔雀石绿和酸性橙Ⅱ的去除。振荡强度对体系吸附影响不大。两种吸附剂对孔雀石绿和酸性橙Ⅱ的吸附均较符合Langmuir和Freundlich吸附等温式。在10-40℃范围内,生物质炭对孔雀石绿和酸性橙Ⅱ的吸附量随温度升高而增加,活性炭对孔雀石绿和酸性橙Ⅱ的吸附量随温度升高而降低。2.吸附热力学研究表明吸附生物质炭吸附孔雀石绿和酸性橙Ⅱ的活化焓△H0呈正,说明吸附是吸热过程,吉布斯焓变△G0为负值可知,生物质炭对孔雀石绿和酸性橙Ⅱ的吸附是自发过程;而活性炭的活化焓△H0均小于0,吉布斯焓变△G0呈正值,说明活性炭对孔雀石绿和酸性橙Ⅱ的吸附是一个放热的非自发过程。3.两种吸附剂对孔雀石绿和酸性橙Ⅱ的吸附动力学过程均可分为快速和慢速两个阶段,其吸附过程均能用准二级反应动力学模型进行很好的描述。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of textile industry, the pollution caused by printing and dyeing wastewater is becoming more and more serious. The structure of dyes in wastewater is complex and stable, and it is difficult to degrade naturally. The release of dyes into the environment will pose a serious threat to public health. Biomass carbon is rich in porous structure and surface functional groups, and is often used for adsorption and removal of pollutants. Biomass charcoal is cheaper and easier to obtain than commercial activated carbon. This study will discuss the difference between the adsorption characteristics of biomass carbon and activated carbon, and discuss the feasibility of using biomass carbon to remove dye pollution from wastewater. The adsorption of malachite green (MG) and acid orange 鈪，

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