海伦市生活垃圾综合处理中资源回收研究与工程应用

发布时间：2018-11-23 09:55

【摘要】：目前,海伦市产生生活垃圾产量约230t/d,均在没有任何防渗设施和分捡的条件下直接倾倒填埋,对海伦市大气环境、地下水资源和城市环境造成了严重污染。渗沥液对土壤性质和结构产生危害,造成二次污染,同时,生活垃圾中的资源得不到有效利用。海伦市生活垃圾的处理现状严重影响了海伦市经济、社会和生态环境的可持续发展。为了改善海伦市生态环境,实现垃圾处理的减量化、无害化和资源化,采用综合处理方式对海伦市生活垃圾进行处理。本论文分析了国内外生活垃圾处理技术的现状及发展趋势,针对海伦市生活垃圾的产量及成分特点,对各种生活垃圾处理工艺进行了分析比较,提出采用厌氧发酵和卫生填埋结合的综合处理方式对海伦市生活垃圾进行处理。生活垃圾经人工分选和水选等预处理后,利用厌氧菌对垃圾中的有机物进行发酵,产生可利用的沼气,沼渣可制成营养土;对分选出来的砖石、塑料和铁器等进行回收,实现垃圾处理的资源化、减量化;对不可回收垃圾采用卫生填埋工艺处理,实现不可回收垃圾的无害化处理。本文通过生活垃圾分选试验、回收塑料造粒系统试验及厂区废水处理系统试验对生活垃圾综合处理中资源回收系统效能进行了研究,并为垃圾处理工程提供了可依据的参数。对海伦市处理规模300t/d的垃圾综合处理工程进行了可行性研究,进行了生活垃圾的收运设计和垃圾处理厂各部分的工程设计,给出了各部分工艺流程图及设备清单,并进行了投资估算和经济评价。本课题为海伦市生活垃圾综合处理工程提供了切实可行的工艺方案和设计参数,为工程的建设实施创造了条件。使海伦市生活垃圾实现资源化处理,有助于我国生活垃圾综合处理技术的发展,也符合我国循环经济及可持续发展的战略要求,对我国生态环境具有重大意义。
[Abstract]:At present, the output of domestic waste produced in Helen is about 230 t / d, which is directly dumped and landfilled without any seepage prevention facilities and sorting, which has caused serious pollution to the atmospheric environment, groundwater resources and urban environment of Helen. Leachate is harmful to soil property and structure, and causes secondary pollution. At the same time, the resources in municipal solid waste can not be used effectively. The present situation of domestic waste disposal in Helen has seriously affected the sustainable development of economic, social and ecological environment. In order to improve the ecological environment and realize the reduction, innocuity and resource utilization of municipal solid waste treatment, the comprehensive treatment method was adopted to treat the municipal solid waste. In this paper, the present situation and development trend of domestic and foreign domestic waste treatment technology are analyzed and compared. According to the characteristics of production and composition of domestic refuse in Hainan City, various domestic waste treatment processes are analyzed and compared. A comprehensive treatment method of anaerobic fermentation and sanitary landfill was proposed to treat municipal solid waste (MSW) in Hailun city. After pretreatment of MSW by artificial sorting and water separation, anaerobic bacteria were used to ferment organic matter in garbage to produce available biogas, and biogas residue could be made into nutritious soil. In order to realize the reuse and reduction of garbage disposal, the sanitary landfill process is adopted to realize the harmless treatment of non-recyclable garbage. In this paper, the efficiency of the resource recovery system in the comprehensive treatment of domestic solid waste is studied through the separation test of domestic refuse, the test of recycling plastic granulation system and the experiment of wastewater treatment system in the factory area, and the parameters that can be used for the waste treatment project are provided. In this paper, the feasibility of comprehensive waste treatment project of 300t/d is studied, the collection and transportation design of domestic refuse and the engineering design of each part of waste treatment plant are carried out, and the process flow chart and equipment list of each part are given. And carried on the investment estimate and the economic appraisal. This project provides practical technological scheme and design parameters for the comprehensive treatment of municipal solid waste (MSW) in Hailun City, and creates conditions for the construction and implementation of the project. It is helpful for the development of comprehensive treatment technology of domestic waste in China to realize the recycling treatment of domestic refuse in Helen City, and also meet the strategic requirements of recycling economy and sustainable development of our country. It is of great significance to the ecological environment of our country.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X799.3

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