城市污水再生消毒对斑马鱼胚胎的毒性研究
发布时间：2018-11-23 20:27
【摘要】：按照规定,城市污水回用前需要进行消毒处理。再生水消毒过程中伴随着消毒剂与再生水中的一些微量溶解性有机物发生化学反应,产生各种消毒副产物(DBPs)。研究表明,DBPs对人群健康和生态环境构成潜在的威胁。开展污水再生消毒的生物毒理学研究,可为再生水消毒的危害评价和城市再生水消毒方式的选择提供科学依据。 本论文以斑马鱼为模式生物,采用生物毒理学试验方法,研究海南某污水处理厂二沉池出水经氯胺、二氧化氯、次氯酸钠、臭氧几种消毒剂单独或和紫外组合消毒处理后对斑马鱼胚胎的毒性,同时选择次氯酸钠消毒的水样进行稀释,利用稀释水样分别对斑马鱼胚胎进行染毒试验,以探究水样毒性随着稀释倍数加大的变化趋势。然后利用胚胎毒性和层次分析法构建危害分级方法及其指标体系,评价消毒危害。试验研究得到的结论如下： (1)消毒处理前的二沉池出水未产生胚胎发育毒性效应,但经次氯酸钠,氯胺,臭氧,二氧化氯和紫外线对再生水消毒处理可使斑马鱼胚胎出现卵黄囊异常、心跳减缓、色素沉积减少、孵出延缓和卷尾等毒理反应； (2)不同消毒方式处理的再生水可致斑马鱼胚胎死亡率不同,其胚胎毒性依次为：二氧化氯紫外二沉池出水(不消毒,ck)氯胺臭氧次氯酸钠； (3)不同消毒方式的危害分级为：二氧化氯和紫外消毒构成轻微危害,危害等级为Ⅰ级,氯胺消毒构成中度危害,危害等级为Ⅱ级,次氯酸钠危害较强,其危害等级为Ⅲ级； (4)紫外线与化学消毒剂组合消毒可降低再生水的生物毒性。其中,紫外线与次氯酸钠组合消毒效果最为明显；紫外线与氯胺组合消毒较单一氯胺消毒的危害稍有降低,但效果并不显著；紫外线与二氧化氯组合消毒与单一二氧化氯消毒对斑马鱼胚胎的影响并无明显差别；紫外线与臭氧组合消毒较臭氧单独消毒的危害有所降低； (5)次氯酸钠消毒的稀释水样对斑马鱼胚胎的毒理效应试验结果表明：虽然消毒产生的DBPs毒性较大,但是毒性的稀释效果明显,其危害指数随着稀释倍数的增大逐渐降低,当消毒水样稀释到8倍时,危害等级已降至Ⅰ级,造成的生态危害已经较为轻微,所以当消毒水样的排放口是设置在开放水体时,不会造成较大的生态危害。
[Abstract]:According to the regulations, the municipal sewage need to be disinfected before reuse. In the process of reclaimed water disinfection, the disinfectants react with some trace dissolved organic compounds in the regenerated water, resulting in various disinfection by-products (DBPs). Studies have shown that DBPs poses a potential threat to human health and the ecological environment. The research on biotoxicology of wastewater reclaimed disinfection can provide scientific basis for hazard evaluation of reclaimed water disinfection and selection of disinfection methods for urban reclaimed water. In this paper, zebrafish were used as model organisms and biotoxicological test method was used to study the chloramine, chlorine dioxide, sodium hypochlorite in the effluent of secondary sedimentation tank of a sewage treatment plant in Hainan. The toxicity of several ozone disinfectants to zebrafish embryos after disinfection alone or in combination with ultraviolet radiation. Water samples disinfected with sodium hypochlorite were also selected for dilution, and the zebrafish embryos were tested with diluted water samples. In order to explore the water sample toxicity with the increase of dilution multiple changes in the trend. Then the hazard classification method and its index system were constructed by embryo toxicity and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to evaluate the disinfection hazard. The experimental results are as follows: (1) the effluent from secondary sedimentation tank did not produce embryogenic toxicity before disinfection, but was treated with sodium hypochlorite, chloramine, ozone, Disinfection of reclaimed water by chlorine dioxide and ultraviolet rays could result in abnormal yolk sac, slow heartbeat, decrease of pigment deposition, delayed hatching and curl tail reaction in zebrafish embryos. (2) the embryo mortality rate of zebrafish treated by different disinfection methods was different, and the embryo toxicity of zebrafish was as follows: chlorine dioxide ultraviolet secondary sedimentation tank effluent (no disinfection of, ck) chloramine ozone sodium hypochlorite); (3) the hazard grades of different disinfection methods are as follows: chlorine dioxide and ultraviolet disinfection constitute slight harm, the harm grade is grade 鈪，
本文编号：2352601
[Abstract]:According to the regulations, the municipal sewage need to be disinfected before reuse. In the process of reclaimed water disinfection, the disinfectants react with some trace dissolved organic compounds in the regenerated water, resulting in various disinfection by-products (DBPs). Studies have shown that DBPs poses a potential threat to human health and the ecological environment. The research on biotoxicology of wastewater reclaimed disinfection can provide scientific basis for hazard evaluation of reclaimed water disinfection and selection of disinfection methods for urban reclaimed water. In this paper, zebrafish were used as model organisms and biotoxicological test method was used to study the chloramine, chlorine dioxide, sodium hypochlorite in the effluent of secondary sedimentation tank of a sewage treatment plant in Hainan. The toxicity of several ozone disinfectants to zebrafish embryos after disinfection alone or in combination with ultraviolet radiation. Water samples disinfected with sodium hypochlorite were also selected for dilution, and the zebrafish embryos were tested with diluted water samples. In order to explore the water sample toxicity with the increase of dilution multiple changes in the trend. Then the hazard classification method and its index system were constructed by embryo toxicity and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to evaluate the disinfection hazard. The experimental results are as follows: (1) the effluent from secondary sedimentation tank did not produce embryogenic toxicity before disinfection, but was treated with sodium hypochlorite, chloramine, ozone, Disinfection of reclaimed water by chlorine dioxide and ultraviolet rays could result in abnormal yolk sac, slow heartbeat, decrease of pigment deposition, delayed hatching and curl tail reaction in zebrafish embryos. (2) the embryo mortality rate of zebrafish treated by different disinfection methods was different, and the embryo toxicity of zebrafish was as follows: chlorine dioxide ultraviolet secondary sedimentation tank effluent (no disinfection of, ck) chloramine ozone sodium hypochlorite); (3) the hazard grades of different disinfection methods are as follows: chlorine dioxide and ultraviolet disinfection constitute slight harm, the harm grade is grade 鈪，
本文编号：2352601
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/huanjinggongchenglunwen/2352601.html
最近更新
教材专著
