日本垃圾分类管理经验及其对中国的启示

发布时间：2018-11-24 12:03

【摘要】：日本垃圾分类是世界公认的成功典范,日本基于本国资源特点在多年实践中形成了以公民参与为中心社会各界全方位参与的垃圾分类协同治理机制。这个机制以多样化的垃圾分类宣传教育为基础,以责任明晰的垃圾分类管理法律体系为保障,以严格的惩罚措施和监督措施为外在压力,以有效的扶持与激励政策为动力。为学习其成功经验,作者在日本进行了访谈并发放问卷,调查日本公民对本国垃圾分类管理的体会和评价。数据显示:公民参与、教育宣传、法律约束、政府激励和多主体协同治理是日本垃圾分类管理的主要成功经验。最后,探讨中国借鉴日本经验的前提条件,并结合我国垃圾分类管理的现状,提出改进我国垃圾分类管理的对策和建议。
[Abstract]:Japanese garbage classification is recognized as a successful example in the world. Based on the characteristics of its own resources, Japan has formed a cooperative mechanism of garbage classification and management based on the participation of citizens and all sectors of society for many years. This mechanism is based on diversified waste classification propaganda and education, is guaranteed by the legal system of garbage classification management with clear responsibility, takes strict punishment measures and supervision measures as external pressure, and takes effective support and incentive policies as the motive force. In order to study its successful experience, the author conducted interviews and distributed questionnaires in Japan to investigate the Japanese citizens' experience and evaluation of garbage classification management in their own country. The data show that citizen participation, educational propaganda, legal restriction, government incentive and multi-agent cooperative management are the main successful experiences of classified garbage management in Japan. Finally, the paper discusses the precondition of China's reference to Japan's experience, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to improve the classified management of garbage in our country combined with the present situation of garbage classification management in China.
【作者单位】：对外经济贸易大学公共管理学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社科一般项目“高校后勤社会化改革中保持公益性的长效管理机制”(2013YJA630061) 国家社科基金项目“市场化改革中公共服务的有效提供模式及监管机制研究”(14BZZ066) 对外经济贸易大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金“实施中国企业‘走出去’战略的政府能力建设研究”(cxtd4-09)
【分类号】：X705

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