化学合成类制药工业大气污染物排放标准研究

发布时间：2018-12-10 22:18

【摘要】：化学合成类制药高环境污染不仅体现在水环境污染方面,更加突出体现在大气污染方面。化学制药涉及原辅料众多,大部分为有机溶剂,且含有一些“致畸、致癌、致突变”物质,若得不到妥善的处理容易造成水体和大气污染,尤其是废气排放引起的恶臭问题,是群众重点投诉的大气环境问题。随着国家《重点区域大气污染防治“十二五”规划》(浙环函〔2011〕478号)和浙江省大气复合污染防治实施方案的开展和落实,化学合成类制药行业大气污染防治工作已被提上日程。目前化学合成类制药工业大气污染的监管主要沿用的是《大气污染物综合排放标准》和《恶臭污染物排放标准》,然而前述两项标准发布时间过早并且均未能对化学合成类制药工业大气特征污染物进行控制。本论文以此为背景展开化学合成类制药工业大气污染物排放标准的相关研究。在全面深入地研究国内外与化学合成类制药工业相关的标准和技术规范的基础上,根据浙江省该行业的实际生产工艺及废气污染治理技术,结合实地监测等手段,进行污染物来源解析以及污染物排放特征分析。建议提出《化学合成类制药工业大气污染物排放标准》(草案),确定出该行业污染控制指标为颗粒物、氯化氢、氨、苯、甲醛、二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、甲醇、乙酸乙酯、丙酮、乙腈、苯系物、VOCs、臭气浓度、其他物质和二VA英共16项指标,也建议规定了相应的排放限值。标准中现有企业、新建企业、特别排放和无组织排放限值具体为,颗粒物(20mg/m3、15mg/m3、10mg/m3、—)、氯化氢(20mg/m3、10mg/m3、5mg/m3、0.15mg/m3)、氨(20mg/m3、10mg/m3、5mg/m3、1.0mg/m3)、苯(2.0mg/m3、1.0mg/m3、0.5mg/m3、0.10mg/m3)、甲醛(2.0mg/m3、1.0mg/m3、0.5mg/m3、0.20mg/m3)、二氯甲烷(40mg/m3、20mg/m3、10mg/m3、1.0mg/m3)、三氯甲烷(20mg/m3、10mg/m3、5mg/m3、1.0mg/m3)、甲醇(40mg/m3、20mg/m3、10mg/m3、2.0mg/m3)、乙酸乙酯(60mg/m3、40mg/m3、20mg/m3、2.0mg/m3)、丙酮(60mg/m3、40mg/m3、20mg/m3、2.0mg/m3)、乙腈(40mg/m3、20mg/m3、10mg/m3、2.0mg/m3)、苯系物(20mg/m3、10mg/m3、5mg/m3、2.0mg/m3)、VOCs(200mg/m3、150mg/m3、100mg/m3、—)、臭气浓度(1000mg/m3、800mg/m3、500mg/m3、20mg/m3)、其他物质A类(2.0mg/m3、1.0mg/m3、0.5mg/m3、—)、其他物质B类(30mg/m3、20mg/m3、10mg/m3、—)和二VA英(0.1mg/m3、0.1mg/m3、0.1mg/m3、—)。
[Abstract]:High environmental pollution of synthetic pharmacy is not only reflected in water pollution, but also in air pollution. Chemical pharmaceuticals involve many raw and auxiliary materials, most of which are organic solvents, and contain some "teratogenic, carcinogenic, mutagenic" substances. If not properly treated, they will easily cause water and air pollution, especially the stench caused by exhaust gas emissions. It is the atmospheric environmental problem that the masses mainly complains. With the implementation of the 12th Five-Year Plan for the Prevention of Air pollution in key regions (Zhejiang Huan-Quan (2011) 478) and the implementation of the Program for the Prevention and Control of Air pollution in Zhejiang Province, The prevention and control of air pollution in synthetic pharmaceutical industry has been put on the agenda. At present, the supervision of air pollution in the pharmaceutical industry of chemical synthesis mainly adopts the Integrated Emission Standards of Atmospheric pollutants and the discharge Standards of odorous pollutants. Both standards, however, were issued too early and failed to control the chemical synthetic pharmaceutical industry's atmospheric characteristics. Based on this background, this paper studies the emission standards of atmospheric pollutants in chemosynthetic pharmaceutical industry. On the basis of a comprehensive and in-depth study of domestic and foreign standards and technical specifications related to the chemical synthetic pharmaceutical industry, according to the actual production process and waste gas pollution control technology of this industry in Zhejiang Province, combined with field monitoring and other means, To analyze the source of pollutants and the characteristics of pollutant discharge. It is suggested that the standard for the emission of atmospheric pollutants from chemosynthetic pharmaceutical industry be put forward (draft), and that the pollution control indexes of this industry be determined as particulate matter, hydrogen chloride, ammonia, benzene, formaldehyde, dichloromethane, trichloromethane, methanol, ethyl acetate, etc. Acetone, acetonitrile, benzenes, VOCs, ozone concentration, other substances and two VA were 16 indexes, and the corresponding emission limits were suggested. The specific emission limits for existing enterprises, new businesses, special emissions, and unorganized emissions in the standard are: particulate matter (20 mg / m3 / m3 15mg / m3n = 10 mg / m3n-), hydrogen chloride (20mg / m3n = 10 mg / m3 / m3), ammonia (20 mg / m310mg / m3 / 5mgr / m3mm3), ammonia (20mg / m310mgr / m3m3m3m3m3mm3). Benzene (2.0 mg / m3, 1.0 mg / m3, 0.5 mg / m3 = 0.10 mg / m3), formaldehyde (2.0 mg / m3, 1.0 mg / m3, 0.5 mg / m3or 0.20 mg / m3), dichloromethane (40 mg / m320mg / m3+ m310mg / m31.0mg/ m3), Chloromethane (20mg / m310mgP / m3n), methanol (40mg / m3n = 20mg / m310mg / m3), ethyl acetate (60mg / m340mg / m320mg / m32.0mg/ m3), acetone (60mg / m340mg/ m3rm3o20 mg/ m3), acetone (60mg/ m340mgrm3m3m3m3rm3), methylene chloride (40mg / m310mg / m3), ethyl acetate (60mg / m340mg / m320mg / m3t / m3), acetone (60mg / m340mg / m3rm3m3m3mrm3), Acetonitrile (40 mg / m3, 20 mg / m3, 10 mg / m3, 2.0 mg / m3), benzene (20 mg / m310 mg / m3 + 5 mg / m3, 2.0 mg / m3), VOCs (200mgm3150mgr / m3100mgm3m3-), ozone concentration (1000mgm3800mgrm3500mgm3m3m3mgm3 / m3), Other substances A (2.0 mg / m3 1.0 mg / m3N 0.5 mg / m3), other substance B (30 mg / m3n 20 mg / m3N 10 mg / m3) and 2 VA UK (0.1 mg / m3N 0.1 mg / m30.1 mg / m3m3-).
【学位授予单位】：浙江工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X787

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