农田氮磷面源污染环境风险研究评述

发布时间：2019-01-04 11:27

【摘要】：为了促进我国农田氮磷面源污染环境风险防控的理论研究和实践应用,对国内外农田氮磷面源污染的环境风险研究进行总结和评述。通过对相关文献系统调研和梳理,将农田氮磷面源污染环境风险研究分为三个方面:一是氮磷面源污染风险源识别与风险机理研究,二是氮磷面源污染环境风险模型模拟研究,三是氮磷面源污染环境风险控制研究。研究认为我国面源污染研究对国外模型的局限性关注不够;缺乏面源污染风险评价和控制技术标准;氮磷面源污染环境风险发生机理和防控机制研究不够深入。今后我国农田氮磷面源污染环境风险研究应着重以下几个方面:(1)农田面源污染发生机制及其影响因子的研究;(2)面源污染环境风险评价方法和防控技术标准,特别是农田氮磷施用环境安全阈值研究;(3)农田氮磷面源污染风险与农户行为的关系研究;(4)农业面源污染的综合治理研究。
[Abstract]:In order to promote the theoretical research and practical application of environmental risk prevention and control of agricultural nitrogen and phosphorus non-point source pollution in China, the environmental risk research of farmland nitrogen and phosphorus non-point source pollution at home and abroad is summarized and reviewed. The environmental risk research of nitrogen and phosphorus non-point source pollution in farmland is divided into three aspects: the first is the identification of nitrogen and phosphorus non-point source pollution risk source and the study of risk mechanism, the other is the simulation study of nitrogen and phosphorus non-point source pollution environmental risk model. Third, the environmental risk control of nitrogen and phosphorus non-point source pollution. It is concluded that the research on non-point source pollution in China has not paid enough attention to the limitation of foreign models; it lacks of technical standards for risk assessment and control of non-point source pollution; and the research on the mechanism of environmental risk and prevention and control mechanism of nitrogen and phosphorus non-point source pollution is not deep enough. In the future, the study on environmental risk of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in China should focus on the following aspects: (1) the mechanism of agricultural non-point source pollution and its influencing factors; (2) Environmental risk assessment method and technical standard of prevention and control of non-point source pollution, especially the study of environmental safety threshold of nitrogen and phosphorus application in farmland, (3) the relationship between nitrogen and phosphorus pollution risk and farmers' behavior; (4) study on comprehensive control of agricultural non-point source pollution.
【作者单位】：南京晓庄学院环境科学学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(31470519) 江苏省自然科学基金(BK20131399) 南京市环境科学与工程重点建设学科项目资助
【分类号】：X52;X712

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