合流制管网污水溢流污染特征及其控制技术研究

发布时间：2019-01-10 13:22

【摘要】：本研究通过对苏南地区常州市老城区内的合流制管网雨天溢流及与其相关的日常污水、径流雨水和管道沉积物等进行现场采样分析,探讨了合流制污水溢流(CSO)的污水水质特征及污染负荷运行规律,并设计用于管网末端CSO快速处理的悬浮快滤池。对合流制污水溢流的水质监测分析可知,溢流污水中污染物浓度高且变化幅度大,在所监测到的溢流事件中,COD、TN、TP、NH3-N和SS浓度的EMC值范围分别为33~649mg/L、6~30mg/L、0.18~2.09mg/L、3~22mg/L和23~366mg/L,水质劣于《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838-2002)规定的V类水标准。降雨类型对溢流污水中污染物的影响不同,大强度降雨对COD和SS的影响显著,且水质特征表现出明显的两极分化,而NH3-N受到小强度降雨的影响更加明显,中强度降雨则持续受到冲刷效应影响而使得各污染物浓度处于中间或较高水平。干旱期同样会对溢流水质造成影响,长干旱期由于污染物累积量大而导致污染严重。对合流制管道内的污染负荷分析可知,管道沉积物是CSO中最主要的污染物来源,对COD、TN、TP、NH3-N、SS的贡献比例分别约为53%~68%、43%~56%、42%~62%、23%~46%和57%~67%;径流雨水次之,贡献比例分别为17%~36%、8%~33%、10%~26%、11%~30%、18%~36%;日常污水相对较小,贡献比例分别为9%~24%、18%~35%、19%~47%、27%~52%、5%~25%。不同的污染源贡献比例受到降雨强度的影响。径流雨水中不同下垫面的贡献比例同样存在差异,道路径流是整个径流污染物的主要来源,屋顶次之,庭院最小。将截流泵站的截污能力转化成降雨强度当量,并加以考虑截流倍数,可以得到该泵站的临界降雨强度,用于判断该泵站在一场降雨中是否发生溢流。对溢流污水的MV曲线分析可知,合流制系统在不同降雨强度下表现出不同的冲刷现象,在小强度、中强度、大强度降雨事件中分别表现出无冲刷效应、初期冲刷效应和中期冲刷效应。本研究设计了一种用于CSO末端处理的悬浮快滤装置,该装置主要通过物理截留和吸附作用去除污水中的SS及与之相关的污染物。实验表明,悬浮快滤池在高滤速下对SS的平均去除率可达45%以上。对不同的粒径区间去除效果分析可知,当粒径超过90μm时,去除率可达50%以上,而当粒径超过150μm时,去除效果基本可达100%。
[Abstract]:In this study, the combined pipe network in Changzhou, southern Jiangsu province, was sampled and analyzed in the rainy days and its related daily sewage, runoff Rain Water and pipeline sediment, etc. The characteristics of wastewater quality and pollution load operation of combined flow (CSO) for sewage overflow are discussed. The suspended fast filter for rapid treatment of CSO at the end of pipe network is designed. The monitoring and analysis of the water quality of the combined sewage overflow shows that the pollutant concentration in the effluents is high and varies greatly. In the monitored overflow events, the EMC values of the COD,TN,TP,NH3-N and SS concentrations are 33 ~ 649 mg / L ~ (60) mg 路L ~ (-1) and 30 mg 路L ~ (-1), respectively. 0.182.09mg / L 322mg / L and 23336mg / L, the water quality is inferior to the class V water quality standard (GB 3838-2002). The effects of rainfall types on pollutants in overflow sewage are different. The effects of heavy rainfall on COD and SS are significant, and the characteristics of water quality show obvious polarization, while the influence of small intensity rainfall on NH3-N is more obvious. The moderate intensity rainfall is continuously affected by the scour effect, which causes the pollutant concentration to be in the middle or higher level. The flood water quality will also be affected during the drought period, and the pollution will be serious during the long drought period due to the accumulation of pollutants. According to the analysis of the pollution load in the combined flow pipeline, the sediment in the pipeline is the most important pollutant source in CSO, and the contribution to COD,TN,TP,NH3-N,SS is about 53% and the proportion of the contribution to the COD,TN,TP,NH3-N,SS is about 53%, 68%, 43%, 56%, 42%, and 62%, respectively. 23 / 46% and 57 / 67; Second was Rain Water, who contributed 17% of the total amount of runoff, and 33% of the total amount of water, including 10%, 10% and 26% of the total, including 1130%, 18% and 36% of the total. The daily sewage is relatively small, and the contribution ratio is 9, respectively. The contribution ratio of different pollution sources is affected by rainfall intensity. The contribution ratio of different underlying surfaces in runoff Rain Water is also different. Road runoff is the main source of runoff pollutants, roof is the second, courtyard is the smallest. The critical rainfall intensity of the pump station can be obtained by converting the capacity of intercepting pollution into the equivalent of rainfall intensity and considering the multiple of closure, which can be used to judge whether the pumping station overflows in a single rainfall. The analysis of MV curve of overflow sewage shows that the combined flow system exhibits different scour phenomena under different rainfall intensity, and no scour effect in small intensity, medium intensity and large intensity rainfall events. Initial scour effect and intermediate scour effect. In this paper, a suspension fast filtration device for CSO terminal treatment is designed. The device is mainly used to remove SS and related pollutants from wastewater by physical interception and adsorption. The experimental results show that the average removal rate of SS can reach more than 45% at high filtration rate. The results show that when the particle size exceeds 90 渭 m, the removal rate can reach more than 50%, and when the particle size exceeds 150 渭 m, the removal efficiency can reach 100%.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703

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