基于DPSIR模型的湖南省生态安全评价及安全格局分析

发布时间：2019-01-12 20:57

【摘要】：运用驱动力—压力—状态—影响—响应(DPSIR)模型,通过构建湖南省生态安全指标评价体系,系统研究了1989-2012年间湖南省各区域生态安全状况,探讨诱发其变化的各种因子及其相互作用机制。结果表明,湖南省生态安全状况整体呈现从安全状态降为轻度预警状态的趋势,生态安全指数由0.550降至0.420,其中驱动力指数由0.140降至0.052,压力指数由0.204降至0.007,状态指数由0.092降至0.044,影响指数由0.074上升至0.220,响应指数由0.057上升至0.098。就安全格局而言,处于轻度预警状态的城市比例增大,13个城市中处于轻度预警状态的城市达9个,湘中、湘南与湘西地区生态安全度要高于长株潭地区与湘北平原湖区。生态安全状况的变化是自然与人为因素双重作用的结果,城市扩张、工农业污染、自然灾害及对资源不合理的开发是影响湖南省生态安全的关键性因素。因此,针对当前生态安全现状,从城市规划,耕地保护,经济结构调整和矿山管理4个方面提出了提升该区域生态安全的对策。
[Abstract]:Based on the (DPSIR) model of driving force, pressure, state, influence and response, this paper studies the ecological security situation of Hunan province from 1989 to 2012 by constructing the evaluation system of ecological security index in Hunan province. To explore the various factors that induce its change and the mechanism of its interaction. The results show that the overall ecological security situation in Hunan Province is decreasing from safety state to light warning state, the ecological security index is reduced from 0.550 to 0.420, and the driving force index is decreased from 0.140 to 0.052. The pressure index fell to 0. 007 from 0.204, the state index from 0.092 to 0. 044, the impact index from 0.074 to 0. 220, and the response index from 0.057 to 0. 098. As far as the security pattern is concerned, the proportion of the cities in the state of light warning has increased, and nine of the 13 cities are in the state of light warning. The degree of ecological security in central Hunan, southern Hunan and western Hunan is higher than that in Chang-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan and the lake area of northern Hunan plain. The change of ecological security is the result of both natural and human factors. Urban expansion, industrial and agricultural pollution, natural disasters and unreasonable exploitation of resources are the key factors affecting the ecological security of Hunan Province. Therefore, according to the present situation of ecological security, the countermeasures of improving the ecological security of this area are put forward from four aspects: urban planning, cultivated land protection, economic structure adjustment and mine management.
【作者单位】：中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所/亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室/洞庭湖湿地生态系统观测研究站;中国科学院大学;湖南省环境检测中心站;
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAC09B03)~~
【分类号】：X826

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