雾霾污染的影响因素:基于中国监测城市PM2.5浓度的实证研究

发布时间：2019-01-25 09:44

【摘要】：近年来,我国多个地区遭遇严重雾霾天气,极大影响了人们的健康与生活。基于2014年全国设立PM2.5监测站点城市的数据,采用多元线性回归和敏感性分析方法,从经济发展和公共治理两个维度探索了PM2.5的影响因素,即我国经济发展过程中的经济结构失调是雾霾天气的深层次诱因;从污染物的排放源来看,能源消费结构、机动车尾气和建筑扬尘成为雾霾天气的直接原因;在对环境污染的公共治理方面,尽管因雾霾大规模爆发以后,各级政府开始加大对大气污染治理的投入,但是目前依然存在很多问题。研究结果表明,工业增加值比重和机动车保有量显著影响PM2.5,且二者的敏感性系数较高;但节能环保支出比重和房屋建筑施工面积不显著,且具有较低的敏感性系数。对此,提出"调结构、减排放、强治理"九字策略的政策建议。
[Abstract]:In recent years, many regions in China have suffered from severe haze weather, which has greatly affected people's health and life. Based on the data of cities with PM2.5 monitoring stations set up in 2014, this paper explores the influencing factors of PM2.5 from the two dimensions of economic development and public governance by using multiple linear regression and sensitivity analysis. That is, the imbalance of economic structure in the process of China's economic development is the deep inducement of haze weather. From the source of pollutant emission, energy consumption structure, motor vehicle exhaust gas and building dust are the direct causes of haze weather. In the area of public control of environmental pollution, although governments at all levels began to increase investment in air pollution control after the outbreak of haze on a large scale, there are still many problems. The results show that the proportion of industrial added value and vehicle ownership significantly affect PM2.5, and the sensitivity coefficient of them is higher, but the proportion of energy saving and environmental protection expenditure and the building construction area are not significant, and the sensitivity coefficient is low. In view of this, put forward "adjust the structure, emission reduction, strong governance" nine-character strategy policy recommendations.
【作者单位】：上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院;西安交通大学公共政策与管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金面上项目“大气污染、政策创新与绩效改进——面向中国大陆的实证研究”(71573176) 教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“创新驱动发展战略与科技创新支撑研究”(13JZD015)
【分类号】：X51;X831

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