江汉平原地下水中有机磷农药的分布特征及影响因素

发布时间：2019-02-11 12:55

【摘要】：为了研究江汉平原地下水中有机磷农药(OPPs)的分布特征,项目组依托该区域地下水监测场的13个监测点,于2015年6月采集了不同深度的38个地下水和4个地表水水样,通过分析其主要的水化学指标及OPPs的含量,研究江汉平原地下水中OPPs的分布特征及主要的影响因素.结果表明:研究区地下水水化学类型主要HCO3-Ca·Mg型,并处于强还原性环境.OPPs在研究区地下水中普遍存在,采样点整体含量范围为31.5~264.5ng/L,平均值是86.5ng/L,其中检出率最高的OPPs为二嗪农和氧化乐果,含量最高是氧化乐果、甲胺磷和二嗪农,分别为54.3、32.1和27.8ng/L,无论是单种和总的OPPs含量均低于欧盟《水中农药残留标准》(EEC80/778)规定的地下水农药含量MAC标准及部分我国《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)中的农药含量限值并且对生态环境影响较小;其整体变化趋势为:垂直方向上随着深度的增加OPPs的含量逐渐增大,即:50m25m10m.水平方向上分布为:临河农田区中部农田区临河非农田区..研究区地下水中OPPs的分布受多种因素的影响,主要有:农业生产活动中使用OPPs的量、地表水与地下水的交互作用、地下水的水化学特性及生物与非生物的降解作用.
[Abstract]:In order to study the distribution characteristics of organophosphorus pesticide (OPPs) in groundwater in Jianghan Plain, the project team collected 38 groundwater samples and 4 surface water samples at different depths in June 2015, relying on 13 monitoring sites of groundwater monitoring field in this area. By analyzing the main hydrochemical indexes and the content of OPPs, the distribution characteristics and main influencing factors of OPPs in the groundwater of Jianghan Plain were studied. The results show that the main hydrochemical types of groundwater in the study area are HCO3-Ca Mg type, and they are in a strong reductive environment. OPPs exists widely in the groundwater of the study area. The whole content range of sampling point is 31.5 ~ 264.5ng / L, the average value is 86.5 ng / L, The highest detectable rate of OPPs was diazinon and dimethoate, and the highest were dimethoate, methamidophos and diazinon, which were 54.3ng / L and 27.8 ng / L, respectively. Both the single and total OPPs contents are lower than those in the EU's Pesticide residues in Water (EEC80/778) standard (MAC) and in some of China's domestic drinking Water Sanitation Standards (GB 5749-2006). The content limit value has little influence on ecological environment; The overall change trend is that the content of OPPs increases gradually with the increase of depth in the vertical direction, that is, 50m25m10m. The horizontal direction is: Linhe farmland area middle farmland area Linhe non-farmland area. The distribution of OPPs in groundwater in the study area is affected by many factors, such as the amount of OPPs used in agricultural production, the interaction between surface water and groundwater, the hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater and the biodegradation of groundwater.
【作者单位】：中国地质大学(武汉)生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室;重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(41372255)
【分类号】：X523

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