辉腾锡勒湖泊湿地动态变化及驱动力分析

发布时间：2019-02-15 00:52

【摘要】：湿地作为地球上非常重要的一种生态系统类型而备受瞩目。在当今气候变化、人类活动日益加剧的背景下,湿地生态系统所受的威胁也越来越大。本文通过遥感技术对1986-2013年间内蒙古辉腾锡勒九九泉湿地动态变化进行监测,并结合环境因子与人为因子对其面积变化原因作出解释。通过研究得到如下结论：(1)湖泊湿地退化较为明显,大多数都已经干涸。1986年有水湖泊面积为388.95ha,到2013年有水湖泊总面积为212.63ha,减小了45.4%。(2)自然因素和社会因素共同导致湖泊面积的急剧减小。其中,气温的明显升高,降水量的减小以及蒸散量的明显增大直接导致了湖泊面积的减小。(3)第三产业的发展,尤其是近几年当地旅游业的大力发展,对湖泊湿地生态系统造成了严重影响。(4)工业、农业的发展促使湿地的开垦程度加大,使湿地退化加速。(5)围绕湖泊湿地开展的地区风电建设在一定程度上加速了湖泊湿地的退化。(6)通过主成分分析方法得知经济与农牧业发展是湖泊湿地退化的主导因子。
[Abstract]:Wetland is one of the most important ecosystem types on the earth. In the context of climate change and increasing human activities, wetland ecosystems are increasingly threatened. In this paper, the dynamic changes of Jiujiuquan wetland in Huiteng Xile, Inner Mongolia, from 1986 to 2013 were monitored by remote sensing technology, and the reasons of area change were explained by combining environmental factors and human factors. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the degradation of lake wetlands is obvious and most of them have dried up. The total area of lakes with water was 388.95 ha in 1986 and 212.63 haa in 2013. (2) Natural factors and social factors lead to the sharp decrease of lake area. Among them, the obvious increase of temperature, the decrease of precipitation and the obvious increase of evapotranspiration directly lead to the decrease of lake area. (3) the development of tertiary industry, especially the development of local tourism in recent years, (4) the development of industry and agriculture promotes the reclamation of wetland. (5) the wind power construction around the lake wetland accelerates the degradation of the lake wetland to a certain extent. (6) through principal component analysis, we know that the development of economy, agriculture and animal husbandry is lake wetland. The dominant factor of degradation.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X171

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