水热预处理提高抗生素菌渣厌氧消化甲烷化
发布时间：2019-02-21 18:19
【摘要】：抗生素菌渣是抗生素发酵生产过程产生的一种生物质废弃物,其有机成分主要由菌丝体和残留发酵原料构成。由于富含蛋白质和糖类等营养成分,曾经的主要利用方式是经干燥处理后作为动物饲料添加剂或者作为土壤改良剂,但由于其中残留抗生素,易在动植物体内及肉、蛋内形成抗生素积累,存在严重的安全隐患,我国已经在2008年将抗生素菌渣列位危险废弃物,严格禁止饲料和肥料利用,要求其排放前必须进行无害化处理。抗生素菌渣高含水且难以机械脱除、加之抗生素残留对常规生物质固废处理的限制作用,迄今还没有形成有效的技术对其加以处理和资源化。研发安全地、有效地处理各种抗生素菌渣的方法,是当前急需解决的一个任务。以头孢菌素C菌渣为原料,本论文开展了其水热预处理结合厌氧发酵甲烷化的研究,主要研究内容及成果如下:首先,开展不同条件下菌渣水热预处理实验,并考察了菌渣的产气潜力。不同水热处理条件为:处理温度80 oC、120 oC、160 oC、180 oC,处理时间0min、30min、60min。经过水热预处理后菌渣中的固体物质的干燥性、脱水性有了明显改善,尤其是代表可生化能力的SCOD有了明显的提高,这意味着经过水热处理之后具有更高的产甲烷的潜力。厌氧消化实验结果显示,在优化的条件120 oC、60min下进行水热处理后,菌渣产气量(290mlCH4/g VS)达原料的3倍。其次,为降低水热预处理强度,开展了低温水热处理产气研究,并针对低温水热产量低的问题,进行了加碱强化的研究。低温水热处理条件:温度60 oC、80 oC、100 oC;处理时间0min、60min、120min。碱热条件为:在80 oC、60 min和100 oC,60 min的水热条件下,加NaOH 0.04g/gTS。发现延长处理时间并没有明显的提高产气量,但碱热有一定的改善效果。100 oC、60min水热处理时加碱比相同水热条件下提高20 ml CH4/gTS,产气量213 ml CH4/gVS。最后,进行了不同浓度和不同接种量时产沼气实验研究,探究消化过程中抑制的因素并获得及消除方法。按照处理后的菌渣(水热处理条件:120 oC 30min)与接种物体积比为1:5,2:4,3:3的比例进行消化,结果发现,由于菌渣中的蛋白质在水热和发酵当中会产生大量的氨氮引起的氨氮抑制作用,随消化基质浓度升高,产气量降低,当接种体积比3:3时,氨氮浓度超过2800mg/L)消化失败。针对高浓度氨氮抑制作用,采用了沸石吸附法、物理吹脱法、化学法(水热处理的同时加CaO,之后进行物理吹脱除氨氮)进行了除氨氮实验,结果表明,氨氮被部分脱除之后,消化能够一定程度恢复。
[Abstract]:Antibiotic residue is a kind of biomass waste produced in the process of antibiotic fermentation. Its organic composition is mainly composed of mycelium and residue fermentation raw material. Because they are rich in nutrients such as proteins and sugars, the main way to use them was to use them as animal feed additives or as soil improvers after drying, but because of the residues of antibiotics in them, they were easy to be used in animals and plants and in meat. The accumulation of antibiotics in eggs has serious potential safety problems. In 2008, our country has listed antibiotic bacteria residue as hazardous waste, strictly prohibited the use of feed and fertilizer, and required harmless treatment before its discharge. The antibiotic bacteria residue has high water content and is difficult to be removed mechanically. In addition, the antibiotic residue has no effective technology to treat and reuse the waste of conventional biomass. It is an urgent task to develop a safe and effective method to deal with all kinds of antibiotic bacteria residue. Using cephalosporin C bacteria dregs as raw material, the hydrothermal pretreatment and methanation of anaerobic fermentation were carried out in this paper. The main research contents and results were as follows: firstly, the hydrothermal pretreatment experiments of bacteria residue under different conditions were carried out. The gas production potential of bacteria residue was also investigated. Different hydrothermal treatment conditions were as follows: treatment temperature 80 oC,120 oC,160 oC,180 oC, treatment time 0 min ~ 30 min ~ 60 min. After hydrothermal pretreatment, the desiccation of the solid material in the bacteria residue was obviously improved, especially the SCOD, which represented the biodegradability, which meant that the hydrothermal treatment had higher methanogenic potential. The results of anaerobic digestion showed that after hydrothermal treatment under the optimized conditions of 120 oC,60min, the gas production (290mlCH4/g VS) of the bacteria residue was 3 times as much as that of the raw material. Secondly, in order to reduce the intensity of hydrothermal pretreatment, the research on gas production by low-temperature hydrothermal treatment was carried out, and the alkali strengthening was carried out to solve the problem of low hydrothermal yield at low temperature. Low temperature hydrothermal treatment condition: temperature 60 oC,80 oC,100 oC; treatment time 0 min ~ 60 min ~ 120 min. The alkali-thermal conditions are as follows: under hydrothermal conditions of 80 oC,60 min and 100 oC,60 min, the addition of NaOH 0.04g / g TSs. It was found that prolonging the treatment time did not obviously increase the gas production, but the alkali heat had a certain improvement effect. The gas production of 20 ml CH4/gTS, was increased by adding alkali at 100 oC,60min hydrothermal treatment compared with the same hydrothermal condition. Finally, the experimental study of biogas production with different concentration and inoculation was carried out to explore the factors of inhibition during digestion and to obtain and eliminate the methods. According to the ratio of 1: 5: 2: 2: 4: 3 of the treated bacteria residue (hydrothermal treatment condition: 120 oC 30min) to the inoculum volume ratio, the results showed that, Due to the inhibition of ammonia nitrogen caused by a large amount of ammonia nitrogen produced by the protein in bacteria residue during hydrothermal and fermentation, the gas production decreased with the increase of the concentration of digestive substrate. When the inoculation volume ratio was 3:3, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen exceeded 2800mg/L) digestion failed. Aiming at the inhibition of high concentration of ammonia nitrogen, zeolite adsorption method, physical blowing method and chemical method (physical blowing and removing nitrogen after hydrothermal treatment and CaO,) were adopted. The results showed that ammonia nitrogen was partially removed. Digestion can recover to a certain extent.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X787;TQ221.11
本文编号：2427767
[Abstract]:Antibiotic residue is a kind of biomass waste produced in the process of antibiotic fermentation. Its organic composition is mainly composed of mycelium and residue fermentation raw material. Because they are rich in nutrients such as proteins and sugars, the main way to use them was to use them as animal feed additives or as soil improvers after drying, but because of the residues of antibiotics in them, they were easy to be used in animals and plants and in meat. The accumulation of antibiotics in eggs has serious potential safety problems. In 2008, our country has listed antibiotic bacteria residue as hazardous waste, strictly prohibited the use of feed and fertilizer, and required harmless treatment before its discharge. The antibiotic bacteria residue has high water content and is difficult to be removed mechanically. In addition, the antibiotic residue has no effective technology to treat and reuse the waste of conventional biomass. It is an urgent task to develop a safe and effective method to deal with all kinds of antibiotic bacteria residue. Using cephalosporin C bacteria dregs as raw material, the hydrothermal pretreatment and methanation of anaerobic fermentation were carried out in this paper. The main research contents and results were as follows: firstly, the hydrothermal pretreatment experiments of bacteria residue under different conditions were carried out. The gas production potential of bacteria residue was also investigated. Different hydrothermal treatment conditions were as follows: treatment temperature 80 oC,120 oC,160 oC,180 oC, treatment time 0 min ~ 30 min ~ 60 min. After hydrothermal pretreatment, the desiccation of the solid material in the bacteria residue was obviously improved, especially the SCOD, which represented the biodegradability, which meant that the hydrothermal treatment had higher methanogenic potential. The results of anaerobic digestion showed that after hydrothermal treatment under the optimized conditions of 120 oC,60min, the gas production (290mlCH4/g VS) of the bacteria residue was 3 times as much as that of the raw material. Secondly, in order to reduce the intensity of hydrothermal pretreatment, the research on gas production by low-temperature hydrothermal treatment was carried out, and the alkali strengthening was carried out to solve the problem of low hydrothermal yield at low temperature. Low temperature hydrothermal treatment condition: temperature 60 oC,80 oC,100 oC; treatment time 0 min ~ 60 min ~ 120 min. The alkali-thermal conditions are as follows: under hydrothermal conditions of 80 oC,60 min and 100 oC,60 min, the addition of NaOH 0.04g / g TSs. It was found that prolonging the treatment time did not obviously increase the gas production, but the alkali heat had a certain improvement effect. The gas production of 20 ml CH4/gTS, was increased by adding alkali at 100 oC,60min hydrothermal treatment compared with the same hydrothermal condition. Finally, the experimental study of biogas production with different concentration and inoculation was carried out to explore the factors of inhibition during digestion and to obtain and eliminate the methods. According to the ratio of 1: 5: 2: 2: 4: 3 of the treated bacteria residue (hydrothermal treatment condition: 120 oC 30min) to the inoculum volume ratio, the results showed that, Due to the inhibition of ammonia nitrogen caused by a large amount of ammonia nitrogen produced by the protein in bacteria residue during hydrothermal and fermentation, the gas production decreased with the increase of the concentration of digestive substrate. When the inoculation volume ratio was 3:3, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen exceeded 2800mg/L) digestion failed. Aiming at the inhibition of high concentration of ammonia nitrogen, zeolite adsorption method, physical blowing method and chemical method (physical blowing and removing nitrogen after hydrothermal treatment and CaO,) were adopted. The results showed that ammonia nitrogen was partially removed. Digestion can recover to a certain extent.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X787;TQ221.11
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 阮南;黄莉静;徐萌;;青霉菌渣固态发酵法生产菌体蛋白饲料的应用研究[J];河北工业科技;2006年02期
2 张志宏;李东霄;常景玲;;红霉素菌渣生物改性研究[J];河南师范大学学报(自然科学版);2009年05期
，本文编号：2427767
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/huanjinggongchenglunwen/2427767.html
最近更新
教材专著
