曝气生物滤池处理污染河网水的研究
发布时间：2019-03-08 14:31
【摘要】：BAF的运行能耗较高,优化BAF的运行方式,降低运营成本一直是研究的热点。此外,微生物作为BAF工艺的技术核心,深入研究其内部的微生物群落结构与功能菌种,有助于更进一步的认识BAF系统的本质、保证系统的稳定性以及提高系统的处理效率。本试验采用火山岩作为BAF的填料,建立了BAF小试和中试反应器。在小试规模上,在气水比为1:1,流量为50L/h,滤速6.4m/h的条件下,通过连续运行的方式,研究了其预处理污染河网水的可行性。结果表明:在一年的试验期内,BAF对污染水源水处理效果较好。温度是影响生物反应器处理效能的主要因素,但BAF对氨氮的处理效率均大于85%。在上述实验基础之上,通过采用间歇曝气(间歇周期分别为1h、1.5h、2h和2.5h)的运行方式并同连续试验进行比较,研究了BAF优化节能运行的可行性,同时考察了不同温度下,BAF对污染物的去除效能,试验结果表明:间歇周期为1.5h时,BAF对各类污染物均有较好的去除能力,其中,BAF在常温期对氨氮的平均去除率为82.27%,即使在低温期,平均去除率仍有82.21%。说明优化节能运行具有可行性。为进一步研究BAF工程应用的可行性,将小试研究的成功果进行中试规模的扩大试验,结果表明:常温条件下,连续运行的BAF中试对原水中污染物仍具有较好的去除效果,即便在低温条件下,BAF中试对污染物去除能力受温度影响有所下降,但仍能达到预处理的目的。对BAF中试进行优化,通过与中试规模的BAF连续运行的效果相比较,考察了不同温度条件下,BAF优化节能运行的适用性。试验表明,间歇曝气运行具有较好的适用性,其对污染物的去除效能较好,最优间歇周期为1.5h。为进一步探讨BAF在不同时间段高效运行的微观原因,以BAF中试为研究对象,通过采用分子生物学PCR-DGGE技术,深入研究了不同温度下,稳定运行阶段的BAF内部的优势菌种以及功能菌种,从而在运行中,为不同时间段BAF能高效运行提供参考。结果表明:BAF内部微生物多样性丰富。常温期优势菌种为常温条件下为:Nitrospira,Bacillus,Rhodobacter和Sphingomonas。低温期优势菌种为:Flavobacerium,Exiguobacterium和Clostridium。BAF中主要的氨氧化细菌为Nitrosomonas和Bacillus,常温期两者都是主要功能菌种,低温期为Nitrosomonas。硝化细菌为Nitrospira。不同温度时期,BAF内优势菌种不同,因此,在温度变化之前,提高进水氨氮浓度,或者针对性的投加优势功能菌种,能有效应对温度变化引起的BAF去除率波动问题。这一研究思路,为试验所在地水厂实际运行的生物滤池提供了参考。
[Abstract]:The operation energy consumption of BAF is high. Optimizing the operation mode of BAF and reducing the operation cost have been the focus of the research. In addition, as the technical core of BAF process, it is helpful to further understand the essence of BAF system, ensure the stability of the system and improve the processing efficiency of the system by deeply studying the microbial community structure and functional bacteria in the system. In this experiment, volcanic rocks were used as fillers for BAF, and BAF pilot-scale and pilot-scale reactors were established. On a small scale, the feasibility of pretreatment of polluted river network water by continuous operation was studied under the condition of gas-water ratio of 1 渭 1, flow rate of 50 L / h and filtration rate of 6.4m/h. The results showed that BAF had a good effect on the treatment of polluted source water during the one-year test period. Temperature is the main factor affecting the treatment efficiency of bioreactor, but the treatment efficiency of BAF to ammonia nitrogen is more than 85%. On the basis of the above experiments, the feasibility of optimizing energy-saving operation of BAF is studied by using intermittent aeration (intermittent period is 1h, 1.5h, 2h and 2.5h respectively) and comparing with continuous test. At the same time, the removal efficiency of BAF on pollutants at different temperatures was investigated. The results showed that when the interval period was 1.5 h, BAF had better removal ability to all kinds of pollutants. The average removal rate of ammonia and nitrogen by BAF was 82.27% in the normal temperature period, and 82.21% even in the low temperature period. It shows that it is feasible to optimize the operation of energy saving. In order to further study the feasibility of the BAF engineering application, the successful results of the pilot-scale test were carried out. The results showed that the continuous running BAF pilot-scale test still had a good removal effect on the pollutants in the raw water at room temperature. Even under the condition of low temperature, the removal capacity of BAF could be decreased by temperature, but the pretreatment could still be achieved. The optimization of BAF pilot plant was carried out. Compared with the continuous operation effect of BAF in pilot scale, the applicability of BAF optimization energy saving operation under different temperature conditions was investigated. The experiment shows that intermittent aeration has good applicability, and the removal efficiency of pollutants is better, and the optimal intermittent period is 1.5 hours. In order to further explore the microcosmic reasons for the efficient operation of BAF in different time periods, a pilot-scale experiment of BAF was carried out, and the molecular biology PCR-DGGE technique was used to deeply study the effects of different temperatures. The dominant and functional strains in the stable operation stage of BAF can provide references for the efficient operation of BAF in different periods of time. The results showed that BAF was rich in microbial diversity. The dominant strains at normal temperature are Nitrospira,Bacillus,Rhodobacter and Sphingomonas. at room temperature. The dominant bacteria in the low temperature period were Nitrosomonas and Bacillus, in Flavobacerium,Exiguobacterium and Clostridium.BAF, and Nitrosomonas. in the low temperature stage, which were the main functional bacteria in the low temperature period, and in the low temperature period, the main ammonia oxidation bacteria were Nitrosomonas and Bacillus, in normal temperature stage. Nitrifying bacteria are Nitrospira. The dominant bacteria in BAF are different in different temperature periods. Therefore, increasing ammonia nitrogen concentration in influent or adding dominant functional bacteria can effectively deal with the fluctuation of BAF removal rate caused by temperature change before temperature change. This research idea provides a reference for the actual operation of the biological filter in the water plant where the test site is located.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X52
本文编号：2436903
[Abstract]:The operation energy consumption of BAF is high. Optimizing the operation mode of BAF and reducing the operation cost have been the focus of the research. In addition, as the technical core of BAF process, it is helpful to further understand the essence of BAF system, ensure the stability of the system and improve the processing efficiency of the system by deeply studying the microbial community structure and functional bacteria in the system. In this experiment, volcanic rocks were used as fillers for BAF, and BAF pilot-scale and pilot-scale reactors were established. On a small scale, the feasibility of pretreatment of polluted river network water by continuous operation was studied under the condition of gas-water ratio of 1 渭 1, flow rate of 50 L / h and filtration rate of 6.4m/h. The results showed that BAF had a good effect on the treatment of polluted source water during the one-year test period. Temperature is the main factor affecting the treatment efficiency of bioreactor, but the treatment efficiency of BAF to ammonia nitrogen is more than 85%. On the basis of the above experiments, the feasibility of optimizing energy-saving operation of BAF is studied by using intermittent aeration (intermittent period is 1h, 1.5h, 2h and 2.5h respectively) and comparing with continuous test. At the same time, the removal efficiency of BAF on pollutants at different temperatures was investigated. The results showed that when the interval period was 1.5 h, BAF had better removal ability to all kinds of pollutants. The average removal rate of ammonia and nitrogen by BAF was 82.27% in the normal temperature period, and 82.21% even in the low temperature period. It shows that it is feasible to optimize the operation of energy saving. In order to further study the feasibility of the BAF engineering application, the successful results of the pilot-scale test were carried out. The results showed that the continuous running BAF pilot-scale test still had a good removal effect on the pollutants in the raw water at room temperature. Even under the condition of low temperature, the removal capacity of BAF could be decreased by temperature, but the pretreatment could still be achieved. The optimization of BAF pilot plant was carried out. Compared with the continuous operation effect of BAF in pilot scale, the applicability of BAF optimization energy saving operation under different temperature conditions was investigated. The experiment shows that intermittent aeration has good applicability, and the removal efficiency of pollutants is better, and the optimal intermittent period is 1.5 hours. In order to further explore the microcosmic reasons for the efficient operation of BAF in different time periods, a pilot-scale experiment of BAF was carried out, and the molecular biology PCR-DGGE technique was used to deeply study the effects of different temperatures. The dominant and functional strains in the stable operation stage of BAF can provide references for the efficient operation of BAF in different periods of time. The results showed that BAF was rich in microbial diversity. The dominant strains at normal temperature are Nitrospira,Bacillus,Rhodobacter and Sphingomonas. at room temperature. The dominant bacteria in the low temperature period were Nitrosomonas and Bacillus, in Flavobacerium,Exiguobacterium and Clostridium.BAF, and Nitrosomonas. in the low temperature stage, which were the main functional bacteria in the low temperature period, and in the low temperature period, the main ammonia oxidation bacteria were Nitrosomonas and Bacillus, in normal temperature stage. Nitrifying bacteria are Nitrospira. The dominant bacteria in BAF are different in different temperature periods. Therefore, increasing ammonia nitrogen concentration in influent or adding dominant functional bacteria can effectively deal with the fluctuation of BAF removal rate caused by temperature change before temperature change. This research idea provides a reference for the actual operation of the biological filter in the water plant where the test site is located.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X52
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 吴为中,王占生;水库水源水生物陶粒滤池预处理中试研究[J];环境科学研究;1999年01期
，本文编号：2436903
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