新疆某火电厂工程建设对地下水环境影响研究

发布时间：2019-03-27 19:05

【摘要】：新疆准东地区作为国家规划的新疆四大煤电基地之一,拥有丰富的煤炭资源。本文依托新疆天池能源准东五彩湾煤电一体化项目进行选题,通过资料搜集与现场地面调查,查明研究区的水文地质、环境地质条件;开展水文地质环境地质调查、物探、坑探、钻探、渗水试验、室内弥散试验、水土样采集分析、地下水监测和室内资料分析等,在此基础上建立包气带污染物运移数值模拟模型。针对非正常工况下可能出现的情景进行模拟,预测和评价建设项目在建设期、生产运行期及服务期满后对地下水环境可能造成的影响。通过野外实地调查工作,获得了真实且准确的原始数据资料,通过HYDRUS软件对电厂厂区和贮灰场区地下水污染物运移规律和特征进行模拟,得到以下结论:(1)经过环境水文地质测绘、地面物探、坑探、钻探和渗水试验,确定电厂厂区和贮灰场区包气带相关水文地质参数。(2)通过室内土柱弥散试验,测得了五彩湾地区3种不同类型土壤的纵向弥散系数分别:FMH为936.9 cm2?h-1,SH6为443.8 cm2?h-1,SH1为119.1 cm2?h-1,FMH、SH1、SH6等介质对氯离子可产生较大的吸附作用,可以达到8%左右。粉煤灰堆体(FMH)和电厂厂区土体(SH6)透水性很差,是很好的防污染介质;灰场土体(SH1)透水性较差,是较好的防污染介质。(3)应用非饱和水流模拟软件(HYDRUS-1D)模拟贮灰场区十年一遇、百年一遇和千年一遇情境下淋滤液污染物运移状况,结果表明,贮灰场淋滤液不会随降雨入渗进入贮灰场区目的含水层(潜水含水层)。(4)应用非饱和水流模拟软件(HYDRUS-1D)模拟电厂厂区废水连续事故泄露情景下污染物运移状况,结果为:连续排污1天,最大入渗深度3.6 m,未到达目的含水层(承压含水层);连续排污10天,最大入渗深度8.7 m,未到达承压含水层;连续排污30天,最大入渗深度14.2 m,未到达承压含水层;连续排污100天,污染物进入承压含水层,但其最大浓度仅为0.033 g/L(远小于该区ZK4孔承压水的矿化度102.9 g/L);连续排污365天,污染物进入承压含水层,但其最大浓度仅为1.7 g/L(远小于该区ZK4孔承压水的矿化度102.9 g/L)。
[Abstract]:As one of the four major coal power bases planned by the state, the eastern region of Xinjiang has abundant coal resources. This article relies on Xinjiang Tianchi Energy Zhongdong Wucai Bay coal-electricity integration project, through data collection and on-the-spot ground investigation, to find out the hydrogeological and environmental geological conditions of the study area; Conduct hydrogeological environmental geological survey, geophysical exploration, pit exploration, drilling, seepage test, indoor dispersion test, soil and water sample collection and analysis, groundwater monitoring and indoor data analysis, etc. On this basis, a numerical simulation model of pollutant transport in aerated zone is established. The possible scenarios under abnormal working conditions are simulated to predict and evaluate the possible impacts of construction projects on groundwater environment during the construction period, production operation period and after service expiration. Through the field investigation, the real and accurate original data are obtained. By using HYDRUS software, the law and characteristics of groundwater pollutant transport in power plant and ash storage area are simulated. The conclusions are as follows: (1) after environmental hydrogeological mapping, surface geophysical exploration, pit exploration, drilling and seepage test, the relevant hydrogeological parameters of aeration zone in power plant area and ash storage area are determined. (2) through the indoor soil column dispersion test, the hydrogeological parameters of the aerated zone in the plant area and the ash storage area are determined. The longitudinal dispersion coefficients of three different types of soils in Wucai Bay area were measured as follows: FMH is 936.9 cm2?h-1,SH6, 443.8 cm2?h-1,SH1 is 119.1 cm2?h-1,FMH,SH1, and 443.8 cm2?h-1,SH1 is 119.1 cm2?h-1,FMH,SH1,. The adsorption of chloride ions by SH6 and other media can reach about 8%. The (FMH) of fly ash stack and the soil mass (SH6) of power plant are poor in water permeability, which is a good anti-pollution medium. Ash field soil (SH1) is a better anti-pollution medium because of its poor permeability. (3) unsaturated water flow simulation software (HYDRUS-1D) is used to simulate the leachate contaminant transport situation under the conditions of once-in-a-decade, once-in-a-century and once-in-a-thousand years. The results show that The leachate from the ash storage site will not enter the target aquifer (the submersible aquifer). (4) with rainfall. The unsaturated flow simulation software (HYDRUS-1D) is used to simulate the pollutant transport under the continuous accident leakage scenario of the wastewater in the power plant. The results are as follows: 1 day continuous discharge, the maximum infiltration depth is 3.6 m, and the target aquifer (confined aquifer) is not reached; For 10 consecutive days, the maximum infiltration depth is 8.7m, and the maximum infiltration depth is 14.2 m without reaching the confined aquifer, and the maximum infiltration depth is 14.2 m after continuous discharge for 30 days, and the maximum infiltration depth is 8.7m without reaching the confined aquifer for 30 days. After 100 days of continuous discharge, the pollutants enter the confined aquifer, but the maximum concentration is only 0.033 g / L (much less than the salinity of ZK4 pore confined water in this area is 102.9 g / L). The pollutants enter the confined aquifer for 365th consecutive days, but the maximum concentration is only 1.7g / L (much less than the salinity of 102.9 g / L for ZK4 pore confined water in this area).
【学位授予单位】：新疆农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X82

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