含聚合物污水曝气机理及聚合物含量测定方法研究

发布时间：2019-04-09 13:12

【摘要】：目前,聚合物、油和悬浮物的存在是制约含聚合物污水处理的主要因素,为了有效的处理含聚合物污水,需要建立聚丙烯酰胺含量测定方法、探索最优的曝气条件、探究聚丙烯酰胺的曝气降解机理。首先,建立聚丙烯酰胺含量测定方法：全面研究含聚合物污水中聚丙烯酰胺含量测定的三种方法(淀粉碘化镉法、浊度法、紫外分光光度法),并对每种方法进行方法学实验。淀粉碘化镉法,在0-60 mg/L范围内有良好的线性(r2=0.9926),平均回收率在97.36%-103.68%之间,精密度RSD的范围为2.37%-3.38%,重复性实验RSD为4.48%；浊度法,在0～200 mg/L范围内有良好的线性(r2=0.988),平均回收率在95.60%-103.68%之间,精密度RSD的范围为2.26%-4.50%,重复性实验RSD为4.64%；紫外分光光度法,在0～300 mg/L范围内有良好的线性(r2=0.9953),平均回收率在95.25%～104.72%之间,精密度RSD的范围为2.40%-4.22%,重复性实验RSD为2.47%。实验结果表明三种方法均能实现含聚合物污水中聚丙烯酰胺含量的准确测定。其次,均匀受限曝气能使得曝气后的含聚合物污水处理效果达到最佳。因此,全面充分的研究曝气条件,需探索最优预脱水剂及加入预脱水剂后的静置时间、曝气所用气体、曝气实验装置、曝气温度、曝气气量与时间等不同条件。研究结果表明最优曝气条件：加入预脱水剂后静置时间为40 mmin,曝气时间为40-50 min,曝气空气气量为4-5L/mmin,实验装置选用直径／高度比为1/4,曝气温度为40-50℃,且适用于绝大部分的含聚合物污水,为工业曝气装置的设计提供重要的依据。最后,气质联用(GC-MS)和高效液相色谱(HPLC)分析曝气后聚丙烯酰胺的萃取液及水溶液,结果表明在曝气过程中部分聚丙烯酰胺氧化降解为小分子的单体丙烯酰胺(AM),说明曝气过程存在氧化降解机制；对比曝气前后聚丙烯酰胺的透射电镜(TEM)分析结果,曝气前后的聚丙烯酰胺发生部分变化,曝气后的聚丙烯酰胺团聚体会变小,同时会粘附一些悬浮物。结果表明曝气后的聚丙烯酰胺会发生部分氧化降解,长链断裂导致聚丙烯酰胺团聚体变小；同时聚丙烯酰胺会粘附一些悬浮物和油,在气提作用下上浮。实验结果表明曝气前后聚丙烯酰胺含量明显减少,而且与曝气后油含量、悬浮物含量的减少存在比较一致的对应关系,说明含聚合物污水中聚丙烯酰胺对曝气除油和悬浮物具有重要的协同作用。
[Abstract]:At present, the existence of polymer, oil and suspended matter is the main factor restricting the treatment of polymer-containing wastewater. In order to effectively treat the polymer-containing wastewater, it is necessary to establish a method for the determination of polyacrylamide content and to explore the optimal aeration conditions. The mechanism of aeration degradation of polyacrylamide was investigated. Firstly, the determination method of polyacrylamide content was established. Three methods (starch cadmium iodide method, turbidity method and ultraviolet spectrophotometry) for the determination of polyacrylamide content in polymer-containing wastewater were studied in an all-round way, and the methodological experiments were carried out on each method. The calibration curve of starch cadmium iodide method was linear in the range of 0 ~ 60 mg/L (r _ 2 = 0.9926), the average recovery was between 97.36% and 103.68%, the precision RSD was 2.37% ~ 3.38%, and the repeatability RSD was 4.48%. Turbidimetry showed a good linearity in the range of 0 ~ 200 mg/L (r _ 2 = 0.988), the average recovery was between 95.60% and 103.68%, the precision RSD was 2.26% ~ 4.50%, and the repeatability RSD was 4.64%. UV spectrophotometry showed a good linearity in the range of 0 ~ 300 mg/L (r _ 2 = 0.9953), the average recovery was between 95.25% and 104.72%, the precision RSD was 2.40% ~ 4.22%, the average recovery was in the range of 95.25% ~ 104.72%, and the precision was 2.40% ~ 4.22%. The repeatability test RSD was 2.47%. The experimental results show that the three methods can be used for the accurate determination of polyacrylamide content in polymer-containing wastewater. Secondly, uniform confined aeration can make the best treatment effect of polymer-containing wastewater after aeration. Therefore, in order to fully study the aeration conditions, it is necessary to explore different conditions, such as the optimal pre-dehydrating agent and the static time after adding the pre-dehydrating agent, the gas used for aeration, the aeration experimental device, the aeration temperature, the aeration volume and the time and so on. The results show that the optimal aeration conditions are as follows: the static time is 40 mmin, the aeration time is 40? 50 min, the aeration air volume is 4? 5 L / min, the ratio of diameter to height is 1? The aeration temperature is 40 鈩，

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