论我国政策环评的制度构建

发布时间：2019-04-11 08:20

【摘要】：目前,我国学术界,以及各项法律法规、规章关于环境影响评价制度的研究、规定主要在规划和建设项目方面,主要研究其实施后可能对环境造成的影响,对于政府决策的环评制度研究目前还比较少,并且我国曾经就有忽略对环境的影响,结果制定政策并实施,最后给环境造成了严重的破坏,并且破坏力巨大,范围也很广泛。本文利用阅读文献研究的方法、实例论证的研究方法和比较论证的研究方法,详细的剖析当前我构建政策环评制度还面临的问题和构建所要寻找的有关解决路径,综合分析出来了下面的结果:1.环境影响评价制度主要目标是环境与经济同步发展。根据目前我国可持续发展的要求,并结合我国过去对于未环评而展开的有关政策方案给环境带来的严重影响,从中寻找环境与经济同步发展的主要方法。2.研究美国、加拿大、欧盟等国的政策环评制度的基本情况。分析得出,我国在建立政策环评制度的时候,完善法律支撑和制度体系是非常必要的,明确的程序性规定与后续的监督也是构建政策环评的重点。3.分析我国政策环境影响评价的制度现状,其法律基础,实践经验,存在的问题等,找准构建政策环评制度需要注意的关键环节,最后明确我国政策环评的发展方向。4.我国政策环境影响评价制度构建的建设性意见。总结我国建立政策环境影响评价制度需要的程序性安排,对前置性程序的审批,以及构建过程中应该遵守的原则,最后分析《环保法》第14条的实效,针对政策环境影响评价程序的构建,提出建设性意见。
[Abstract]:At present, the academic circles of our country, as well as various laws, regulations and regulations on the environmental impact assessment system research, mainly in the planning and construction projects, mainly to study the possible impact on the environment after its implementation, The environmental assessment system for government decision-making is still relatively few, and our country has ignored the impact on the environment, resulting in the formulation of policies and implementation, finally caused serious damage to the environment, and the destructive power is huge, and the scope is also very wide. This paper makes use of the methods of reading literature, case study and comparative demonstration to analyze in detail the problems that we are still facing in constructing the policy environmental assessment system and the relevant solutions to be found in the construction. The following results are obtained from the comprehensive analysis: 1. The main goal of the environmental impact assessment system is the simultaneous development of environment and economy. According to the requirements of China's sustainable development at present, and in the light of the serious impact on the environment caused by the relevant policies and schemes carried out in the past for non-EIA in China, the main methods for simultaneous development of environment and economy are sought. 2. To study the basic situation of the policy environmental assessment system in the United States, Canada, European Union and other countries. The analysis shows that it is very necessary to perfect the legal support and the system when establishing the policy EIA system in our country, and the clear procedural provisions and subsequent supervision are also the focal points of the construction of the policy EIA system. 3. This paper analyzes the current situation of China's policy environmental impact assessment system, its legal basis, practical experience, existing problems and so on, finds out the key links to be paid attention to in the construction of the policy environmental impact assessment system, and finally clarifies the development direction of China's policy environmental impact assessment. 4. Constructive suggestions on the construction of China's policy environmental impact assessment system. Summarizing the procedural arrangements required for the establishment of the policy environmental impact assessment system in China, the examination and approval of the pre-procedure and the principles to be observed in the construction process, and finally analyzing the effectiveness of Article 14 of the Environmental Protection Law, In view of the policy environmental impact assessment procedure construction, puts forward the constructive suggestion.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.68

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