废弃生物质水热碳化制备炭质材料及其应用

发布时间：2020-12-20 06:36

　　水热碳化技术是一项新兴的热化学转化技术,可将生物质转化为水热炭、生物油以及其他化学品等潜在的终端产品。由于其环境友好性,如降低温室气体的排放,对于许多环境专家来说,是一个热点的研究领域。另一方面,人类面临着地表重金属污染和工业废水的排放导致了严重的健康问题,以及世界范围内的土壤退化问题。在本研究中,对基于水热碳化技术制备的碳质材料进行了水溶液中重金属Cr（VI）的去除和土壤改良剂两种不同用途的应的研究。首先,采用糠醛渣（FR）、桉树木屑（ESD）、玉米秸秆（CS）和玉米芯（CC）等为原料,将其在微波辅助水热碳化反应器中以水作为反应介质进行处理,然后对随后的固体炭质产物采用低浓度氢氧化钾（KOH）进行处理,并考察制备的炭质材料对Cr（VI）的吸附性能,具体考察对pH、接触时间、温度、溶液浓度等重要参数对吸附性能的影响。研究结果表明,采用微波辅助处理KOH浓度,可提高Cr（VI）的吸附能力（FR为36.91 mg/g,ESD为34.07 mg/g,CS为30.15 mg/g,CC为29.46 mg/g）。在吸附最佳条件下（pH 2,25°C,以及2.5 g/L吸附剂用量）,Cr（VI）初始... 

【文章来源】：大连理工大学辽宁省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直属院校

【文章页数】：82 页

【学位级别】：硕士

【文章目录】：
摘要
Abstract
1 Introduction to Hydrothermal Carbonization of Waste Biomass
    1.1 Research Background
    1.2 Brief Overview of Waste Biomass
        1.2.1 Development Biomass Resource in China
    1.3 Biomass Conversion Technologies
        1.3.1 Hydrothermal Carbonization（HTC）
        1.3.2 End products of HTC
    1.4 Parameters Influencing of HTC
        1.4.1 Effect of Reaction Temperature
        1.4.2 Effect of Reaction Time
        1.4.3 Effect of biomass:water ratio
    1.5 Pyrolysis
    1.6 Gasification
    1.7 Research Objectives
    1.8 Biochar Applications
    1.9 Scope of Thesis
2 Adsorption and kinetic study of furfural residue
    2.1 Introduction
    2.2 Materials and methods
        2.2.1 Reagents
        2.2.2 Preparation of raw materials
        2.2.3 Microwave-assisted HTC
        2.2.4 Modification of prepared hydrochar
        2.2.5 Adsorption experiments
        2.2.6 Analytical method
    2.3 Detailed discussion
        2.3.1 Adsorption capacity and evaluation of hydrochars on Cr（VI）
    2.4 Optimum conditions for microwave-assisted HTC and KOH treatment
        2.4.1 Microwave-assisted HTC temperature
        2.4.2 Potassium hydroxide（KOH）concentration optimization
    2.5 Experiments
        2.5.1 pH experiments
        2.5.2 Contact time experiments
        2.5.3 Kinetics studies
        2.5.4 Adsorption isotherm
        2.5.5 Adsorption thermodynamics parameters
    2.6 Characterization
        2.6.1 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller（BET）
        2.6.2 Scanning Electron Microscope（SEM）
        2.6.3 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy（FTIR）
3 Soil amendment biochar from HTC for soil application
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Materials and Method
        3.2.1 Materials
        3.2.2 Hydrothermal carbonization（HTC）
    3.3 Water holding capacity（WHC）test
    3.4 Soil characterization
    3.5 Hydrochar characterization
    3.6 Statistical Analysis
    3.7 Results and Discussion
        3.7.1 HTC of cattle manure and Eucalyptus sawdust
    3.8 Characterization of hydrochar properties
    3.9 Effects of hydrochar addition on soil properties
        3.9.1 Water holding capacity（WHC）
        3.9.2 Cation exchange capacity（CEC）
4 Heavy Metal Adsorption from Agricultural Waste
    4.1 Production and preparation of ESD,CS and CC
    4.2 Hydrothermal carbonization,modification and characterization
    4.3 Adsorption Experiments
    4.4 Results and discussion
        4.4.1 Adsorption performance on raw material and hydrochar
    4.5 Adsorption parameter
        4.5.1 Effect of pH
        4.5.2 Effect of contact time
        4.5.3 Effect of hydrochar dosage
        4.5.4 Effect of temperature
    4.6 Characterization
        4.6.1 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller（BET）
        4.6.2 Scanning Electron Microscope（SEM）
        4.6.3 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy（FTIR）
5 Conclusions
    5.1 Future Recommendations
Research Publications in Master Study
References
Acknowledgement


【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]Synthesis of a novel illite@carbon nanocomposite adsorbent for removal of Cr(Ⅵ) from wastewater[J]. Gaofeng Wang,Shan Wang,Wen Sun,Zhiming Sun,Shuilin Zheng.  Journal of Environmental Sciences. 2017(07)



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